干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黑河流域植被退化的主要原因分析

Arid

	黑河流域植被退化的主要原因分析
其他题名	Analysis on the Main Causes Resulting in Vegetation Degeneration in the Heihe River Basin
	白福 1; 李文鹏 2; 黎志恒 3
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2008
卷号	25 期号:2 页码:219-224
中文摘要	黑河流域地处我国西北内陆干旱区，生态与环境十分脆弱。据调查资料，自20世纪50年代以来，黑河中下游地区天然植被严重退化，植被覆盖度大于70％的林灌草甸草地减少了78．26％，覆盖度介于30％～70％之间的湖盆、洼地、沼泽草甸草地以及产量较高的草地减少了约40％，草地总面积也减少了将近50％。额济纳绿洲林地和沼泽地草匈植被面积与50年代相比，分布于河岸的胡杨、沙枣林面积减少54％，红柳林面积减少33％，成片的芨芨草甸、芦苇沼泽逐步消失，已被旱化的骆驼刺、花花柴、黑果枸杞群落取代；沿河乔灌木林严重退化，以疏林为主且林木生活力极差。植被退化的因素很多，近年来自然环境在缓慢地向干旱变化，但非主要因素，主要是进人下游的水量呈减少趋势，由此引起了区域地下水位持续下降，从而加大了包气带厚度，造成了包气带土壤的极度干旱化，使部分不适宜该水分和盐分生存的植物长势由密变稀、由好变坏、甚至死亡。
英文摘要	The Heihe River Basin is located in an arid area in northwest China, and its entironment is very frag- ile. According to the survey, the natural vegetation is seriously degenerated in the middle and lower reaches of the drainage basin. Since the 1950s, the area of the shrubbery meadow steppes with vegetation coverage higher than 70% has been reduced by 78.26%, the areas of the steppes with vegetation coverage varying in a range of 30%～70% in the lake basins and billabongs, marsh meadow grasslands and steppes with high forage yield have been reduced by about 40% , and the total area of steppes has been reduced by about 50%. The old-line Erjina Oasis has been in a deterioration trend, and the areas of woodlands and meadow vegetation have been seriously shrunk. The area of the riparian forests of Populus euphratica and Elaeagnus angustifolia has been reduced by 54% compare with that in the 1950s, and the area of riparian Tamarix ramosissima has been reduced by 33% ; the flaky Achnatherum splendens meadows and Phragmites australis marshes are in a gradual disappearance, and most of them have been replaced by the communities ofAlhagi sparsifilia, Karelinia caspica and Lycium ruthenicum; the riparian forests and shrubberies are seriously degenerated. There are many factors affecting vegetation degeneration, such as the arid trend of the natural environment in recent years, especially the decrease of inflow to the lower reaches of the drainage basin. Thus, a continuous drawdown of groundwater level and a seriously soil drought in va- dose zone occur because of the increase of the vadose zone thickness.
中文关键词	植被退化 ; 土壤旱化 ; 河水量减少 ; 黑河流域
英文关键词	vegetation degeneration soil drought inflow decrease the Heihe River Basin.
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3221657
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/222314
作者单位	1.甘肃水文地质工程地质勘察院, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国; 2.中国地质环境监测院, 北京 100081, 中国; 3.甘肃省地质环境监测院, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	白福,李文鹏,黎志恒. 黑河流域植被退化的主要原因分析[J],2008,25(2):219-224.
APA	白福,李文鹏,&黎志恒.(2008).黑河流域植被退化的主要原因分析.,25(2),219-224.
MLA	白福,et al."黑河流域植被退化的主要原因分析".25.2(2008):219-224.