干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井保护利用及工程措施

Arid

	新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井保护利用及工程措施
其他题名	Engineering measures for protection and utilization of the Karez in Turpan Basin of Xinjiang
	裴建生 1; 王新 2; 艾尼瓦尔·卡德尔 1; 谢蕾 1
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2008
卷号	31 期号:5 页码:737-742
中文摘要	起源于新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井技术至今为当地的农业生产和人民生活起着重要的作用。20世纪70年代以来它的出水量日渐减少，甚至大面积的干涸，坎儿井干涸有其外在的原因和内在的不足，首先现代水利工程引水量的增加及地下水补给量的大量减少是造成坎儿井干涸的外在原因，坎儿井本身水量不能控制、集水流量小和引用效率低下是坎儿井干涸的内在因素。通过分析吐鲁番盆地坎儿井的现状情况及其干涸的内、外在原因，提出了采用现代水利工程措施对现今仍在运行中的坎儿井进行改造的具体技术方案，该技术方案从坎儿井在运行中的内在不足着手，使坎儿井的出水流量可控、规模大型化，从而大幅度提高现有坎儿井的水量引用率和效率。改进后的坎儿井可适时适量的供水，其水量引用率将由目前不足40％提高到100％，这对于可持续保护坎儿井具有十分重要的意义。径流小、落差大、入渗强烈是干旱区中、小流域普遍存在的特点，本文还对干旱区其它河流推广使用坎儿井进行了初步分析。
英文摘要	The Karez Technology originated from Turpan Basin of Xinjiang has been playing an important role in the local agricultural production and people＇ s life. Since 1970s, Karez flow has been gadually decreasing and dried up in a vast extent due to some outer reasons and inner disadvantages. Influenced by increasing water use with the modern water engineering, replenishment of groundwater recharge has been reducing, which is the outer reason for drying up of Karez canal, and the inner factors are uncontrolable water amount, small catchment flow and low efficience of use. Through analysis of the present status and the inner and outer reasons for drying up of Karez in Turpan Basin, this paper propose the concrete technical plan that the Karez in operation could be improved with modern water engineering measures. The plan aims to improve the inner disadvantage of the Karez in operation and to control the outflow and maximize the flow scale so as to increase largely the water use efficiency of the Karez. After improvement, Karez water supply can be regulated appropriately and the water use efficient increases from 40% to 100%. The function of Karez is improved so as to reach the objective of sustainable protection of Karez. The middie and small catchment area in arid region is characterized by low flow, large water head and intensive evaporation, so an analysis is made on application of Karez technology in other irrigation areas in arid region instead of pumping well system.
中文关键词	坎儿井 ; 工程措施 ; 吐鲁番
英文关键词	Karez Engineering Measure Turpan Karez
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MINERALOGY
WOS研究方向	Mineralogy
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3387755
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/222290
作者单位	1.新疆水利水电规划管理局, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830000, 中国; 2.新疆水利厅, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	裴建生,王新,艾尼瓦尔·卡德尔,等. 新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井保护利用及工程措施[J],2008,31(5):737-742.
APA	裴建生,王新,艾尼瓦尔·卡德尔,&谢蕾.(2008).新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井保护利用及工程措施.,31(5),737-742.
MLA	裴建生,et al."新疆吐鲁番盆地的坎儿井保护利用及工程措施".31.5(2008):737-742.