干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 放牧对准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响

Arid

	放牧对准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响
其他题名	Effect of livestock grazing on plant community and soil property in Junggar Desert, Xinjiang
	杨维康; 蒋慧萍; 乔建芳
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2008
卷号	31 期号:5 页码:659-664
中文摘要	通过比较封育6年的围栏内外植物群落种类组成、结构差异，以及土壤特性，研究了家畜啃食对新疆准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响。使用chi~2-test和U-test分析表明，围栏内外相比，植物种数（n=7．03）、半灌木种数（n=2．40）、草本植物种数（n=4．63）、植被盖度（35．77％）和生物量（144．19g／m~2）在围栏内显著增加，而植被密度在围栏外显著降低（87．93株／m~2）。灌木中，梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）在围栏内出现的频率和密度显著增加（chi~2=4．63，P〈0．05；Z=2．56，P〈0．05）。小半灌木中，博乐绢蒿（Seriphidium borotalense）在围栏内出现的频率和密度显著高于围栏外（chi~2=13．08，P〈0．01；Z=4．01，P〈0．01）。4种多年生草本植物的密度在围栏内均显著升高，有3种在围栏内出现的频率也同时明显高于围栏外。二年生草本植物沙生婆罗门参（Tragopogon sabulosus）在围栏内出现的频率和密度显著高于围栏外（chi~2=4．71，P〈0．05；Z=2．51，P〈0．05）。4种一年生草本植物在围栏内外出现的频率均无显著差异，其中3种在围栏内外的密度也无明显变化。研究结果表明，过度放牧导致灌木和半灌木衰败；多年生和二年生草本植物几近绝迹；一年生植物所受影响则较小。土壤理化特性中，围栏内土壤水分显著低于围栏外（Z=2．65，P〈0．01），HCO_3~、Cl~和速效K含量在围栏内外土壤中差异显著。作者建议在准噶尔荒漠建立一定数量和面积的永久性围栏以维系物种多样性。
英文摘要	By comparing species composition, vegetative structure and soil character in a 4-years enclosure and out the enclosure, we studied the impact of livestock grazing on plant community in the Junggar Desert. We used X2 test and U test analyzing the data. The area in the enclosure supported significantly greater plant species （n = 7, 03）, sub-shrub species （ n = 2.40 ） , herb species （ n = 4.63 ） , vegetative cover （ 35.77% ） and biomass （ 144.19 g/m~2） and lower vegetative density （87.93 individual/m~2 ） compared with area out of the enclosure （p 〈 0.01, Mann Whitney U test）. Among of the shrubs, both the frequency of occurrence and the density of Haloxylon ammodendron in the enclosure were significantly greater than that out of the enclosure （chi~2 =4. 63, p 〈0. 05 ;z = 2.56 ,p 〈 0.05 ）. Among of the sub-shrub, both the frequencies of occurrence and density of Seriphidium borotalense in the enclosure increased significantly in response to it avoided foraging by livestock （chi~2 = 13. 08, p 〈 0. 01 ;z=4. 01 ,p 〈0. 01 ）. The density of four species of perennial herb species increased significantly in the enclosure. Among of them, frequency occurrences of 3 species were significantly greater than that of the area out of enclosure. Except frequency of occurrence of one annual species, the frequency of occurrence and density of 3 other annual did riot change significantly in the enclosure. Our study revealed that overgrazing could cause reduction of the shrub and sub-shrub. The perennial herbs out of the enclosure nearly disappeared by overgrazing. However, the annual herbs were not influenced by the overgrazing. Among soil properties, soil moisture in the enclosure was significantly higher than out of the enclosure （z = 2.65 ,p 〈0.01 ）. Available Potassium, HCO_3~ , CL~ were significantly different between in the enclosure and out of the enclosure. We suggest that some permanent enclosure should be build to keep the plant species diversity in the Junggar desert.
中文关键词	畜牧 ; 植物群落 ; 准噶尔荒漠 ; 土壤特性
英文关键词	pasturage plant community soil property Junggar Desert
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3387744
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/222288
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨维康,蒋慧萍,乔建芳. 放牧对准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2008,31(5):659-664.
APA	杨维康,蒋慧萍,&乔建芳.(2008).放牧对准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响.,31(5),659-664.
MLA	杨维康,et al."放牧对准噶尔荒漠植物群落及土壤特性的影响".31.5(2008):659-664.