干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青藏高原第四纪重点湖泊地层序列和湖相沉积若干特点

Arid

	青藏高原第四纪重点湖泊地层序列和湖相沉积若干特点
其他题名	Some Characteristics of Stratigraphic Sequences and Lacustrine Sediments of Main Quaternary Lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
	郑绵平; 刘喜方; 袁鹤然; 张成君; 王海雷
ISSN	1006-3021
出版年	2008
卷号	29 期号:3 页码:293-305
中文摘要	本项研究对青藏高原代表性第四纪湖泊沉积区作了大范围调查,北自柴达木昆特依湖和昆仑山口、南抵江布-林芝,西起甜水海、东至迪庆.据青藏高原地质构造、沉积建造和地貌特点,将高原第四纪地层区划分为6个地层分区:藏南湖盆分区(Ⅰ)、羌塘高原湖盆分区(Ⅱ)(羌南湖盆亚区(Ⅱ-1)和羌北湖盆亚区(Ⅱ-2))、三江高山河谷分区(Ⅲ)、昆仑高山分区(Ⅳ)、柴达木、青海湖盆分区(Ⅴ)和阿尔金-祁连山高山区(Ⅵ).并对上述Ⅰ-Ⅴ分区第四纪湖相地层层序作了较详细划分和对比.从而指出青藏高原第四纪湖相沉积具有如下特点:①除了柴达木-青海湖盆分区外,其余各分区的湖滨剖面湖相碎屑沉积相对较粗,而同青藏高原属于全球第四纪最新隆起区相一致;②在湖盆区的湖相沉积常叠加或伴生冲洪积、风积相和冰碛或冰水沉积以及部分泥石流沉积、化学沉积与热水沉积.它们既反映青藏高原在第四纪隆升进入冰冻圈后湖盆沉积环境时有冷期发生,又反映高原隆升背景下,洪水期诱发山崩和泥石流堵塞成湖,或由于洪水泛滥,导致高原边缘内流湖决溃、湖泊消失(如Ⅲ、Ⅳ分区),还反映高原湖泊成盐过程与深部作用、强烈的新构造运动密切相关;③除了柴达木-青海湖分区(Ⅴ)和羌塘高原湖盆分区部分大型湖盆自第四纪以来有连续湖相沉积外,其他分区第四纪湖相沉积多不连续;④由于全新世青藏高原口趋干旱,除了一些现代积水湖盆外,有相当多湖泊干化,而缺失顶部湖相沉积.综上所述,为了获取青藏高原第四纪沉积连续环境记录,需选择高原内部或周边为数较少的新生代连续沉积盆地.本文论证了柴达木盆地是一个较理想的研究高原晚新生代湖相沉积区,建议在柴达木盆地实施晚新生代资源环境科学钻探工程.
英文摘要	In this study an extensive investigation of representative Quaternary lacustrine sedimentary areas was carried out on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The investigated region extends from the Kunteyi Lake of Qaidam and Kunlun Pass southward to Jiangbu-Nyingchi,and eastward from Tianshuihai to Deqen. According to the geological structure,sedimentary sequences and geomorphology of the plateau,the Quaternary stratigraphic region of the plateau is divided into six stratigraphic areas: southern Tibet lake basin area(I);Qiangtang plateau lake basin area(II)(southern Qiangtang lake basin sub-area(II-1) and northern Qiangtang lake basin sub-area(II-2)),Sanjiang high mountain-river valley area(III);Kunlun high mountain area(IV);Qaidam-Qinghai Lake basin area(V);and Altyn Tagh-Qilian high mountain area(VI).We have made a detailed division and correlation of the Quaternary lacustrine stratigraphic sequences for the above-mentioned I-V stratigraphic areas and thus pointed out the following characteristics of the Quaternary lacustrine sediments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: ①Except for the Qaidam-Qinghai lake basin area,the lacustrine detrital sediments of the lake-lakeshore sections of other areas are coarser,which coincides with the fact that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belongs to the Quaternary youngest uplift over the globe.②Lacustrine sediments in the lake basins tend to be superimposed on or associated with alluvial-proluvial,eolian and till or fluvio-glacial sediment,mudflow sediments,chemical sediments and hydrothermal deposits.They reflect that cold phases occurred frequently in the lake-basin sedimentary environment after the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was uplifted and entered the cryosphere in the Quaternary,and also show that: in the plateau uplift setting landslides and mudflows induced in the flood season dammed water flows to form lakes or that flooding resulted in bank bursting of internal lakes and disappearance of lakes on margins of the plateau(e.g.areas III and IV) and salt precipitation in the plateau lakes was closely related to deep processes and strong neotectonic movement.③Most Quaternary lacustrine sediments in these areas were not deposited continuously except the Qaidam-Qinghai Lake area(V) and part of large lake basins in the Qiangtang Plateau lake basin area where Quaternary continuous lacustrine sediments are found.④As the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau becomes arid gradually during the Holocene,quite a number of lakes have dried up except some modern catchments,so lacustrine sediments are lacking at the top.In summary,in order to acquire continuous records of the Quaternary sedimentary environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,it is necessary to select a few Cenozoic basins with continuous sediments in the interior or on margins of the plateau.This paper demonstrates that the Qaidam basin is a fairly ideal area for the study of Late Cenozoic lacustrine sediments of the plateau.We suggest that a Late Cenozoic resource and environment scientific drilling project be implemented in the Qaidam basin.
中文关键词	青藏高原 ; 第四纪湖相地层 ; 第四纪地层分区 ; 湖泊沉积特点 ; 资源环境科学钻探工程
英文关键词	Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Quaternary lacustrine sediments Quaternary stratigraphic areas characteristics of lacustrine sediments resource and environment scientific drilling project
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3329787
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/222151
作者单位	国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室, 国土资源部盐湖资源与环境重点实验室, 北京 100037, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郑绵平,刘喜方,袁鹤然,等. 青藏高原第四纪重点湖泊地层序列和湖相沉积若干特点[J],2008,29(3):293-305.
APA	郑绵平,刘喜方,袁鹤然,张成君,&王海雷.(2008).青藏高原第四纪重点湖泊地层序列和湖相沉积若干特点.,29(3),293-305.
MLA	郑绵平,et al."青藏高原第四纪重点湖泊地层序列和湖相沉积若干特点".29.3(2008):293-305.