干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 退耕还林项目对陕北地区自然与社会的影响

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	退耕还林项目对陕北地区自然与社会的影响
其他题名	Impact of Grain for Green Project to Nature and Society in North Shaanxi of China
	曹世雄 1; 陈军 2; 陈莉 3; 高旺盛 4
ISSN	0578-1752
出版年	2007
卷号	40 期号:5 页码:972-979
中文摘要	[方法]应用试验监测与社会调查相结合的方法,研究和报告中国退耕还林项目对区域生态景观系统快速变化的影响.[目的]为生态修复政策对自然和社会的影响提供可借鉴的研究案例.[结果]中国陕北地区实施退耕还林政策以来,地表植被覆盖度由1998年的34.6%增至2005年的49.2%;但是干旱半干旱生态脆弱区大规模的人工造林可诱发严重的水资源短缺、导致人工林地植被覆盖度减小、以及对植物种类多样性的负面影响,相对而言,封山禁牧对生态脆弱区的植被修复效果最好;生态政策与项目的有效实施离不开公众的大力支持,不幸的是88.8%的居民希望获得政府对农业生产项目的支持而不是开展植树种草.[结论]调查结果表明,退耕还林项目恢复的植被在项目结束后有可能被重新开垦为农田,该项目获得的环境成果面临再次毁灭的风险.因此,把发展经济、改善教育与环境修复有机地结合起来,是环境修复项目成功的重要保证.
英文摘要	[Method] Field investigations was combined with a survey of fanners to examine the results of China’s Grain for Green Project, a rapid landscape-scale shift in land use, and the effects of the project. [Objective] The research was intended to provide a case study on the results of a major environmental remediation policy in terms of both environmental and social factors, [Result] The results of our investigation indicated that the natural vegetation cover (including trees and forage) in areas covered by this project increased from 34.6% in 1998 to 49.2% in 2005 in the northern part of China’s Shaanxi Province. However, the results indicated that large-scale afforestation in vulnerable arid and semiarid regions could increase the severity of water shortages, decrease vegetation cover in the afforestation areas, and adversely affect the numbers of species present. The removal of livestock from over-grazed areas had the biggest effect on restoration of vegetation cover, whereas tree planting had little beneficial effect in vulnerable areas. For policies and projects to be effective, they require support from the participants. Unfortunately, most farmers (88.8%) appreciated the project’s agricultural development components more than the tree and forage planting programs, [Conclusion] As a result, much of the restored vegetation is at risk of being converted once more into farmland and rangeland when the project’s living subsidies end, compromising the sustainability of the project’s environmental achievements. Based on these results, we propose that successful environmental restoration projects must include both an education component and an economic development component.
中文关键词	环境修复 ; 植被覆盖度 ; 管理政策 ; 退耕还林项目
英文关键词	Environmental restoration Vegetation cover Management policy Grain for Green Project
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS POLICY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2814475
来源机构	中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 ; 中国农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/221771
作者单位	1.中国农业大学经济管理学院, 北京 100094, 中国; 2.靖边县园艺站, 靖边, 718500; 3.延安市水土保持研究所, 延安, 716000; 4.中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院区域农业发展研究中心, 北京 100094, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	曹世雄,陈军,陈莉,等. 退耕还林项目对陕北地区自然与社会的影响[J]. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 中国农业大学,2007,40(5):972-979.
APA	曹世雄,陈军,陈莉,&高旺盛.(2007).退耕还林项目对陕北地区自然与社会的影响.,40(5),972-979.
MLA	曹世雄,et al."退耕还林项目对陕北地区自然与社会的影响".40.5(2007):972-979.