干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近44年来我国西北地区干湿特征分析

Arid

	近44年来我国西北地区干湿特征分析
其他题名	Aridity-wetness Characteristics over Northwest China in Recent 44 Years
	王鹏祥 1; 何金海 2; 郑有飞 2; 张强1
ISSN	1001-7313
出版年	2007
卷号	18 期号:6 页码:769-775
中文摘要	利用我国西北地区1960-2003年131个测站降水和小型蒸发皿蒸发量资料，综合考虑降水和蒸发这两个水分平衡最关键的分量构造了降水蒸发均一化干湿指数，进而研究了西北地区干湿的时空演变特征。结果表明：一致性异常是西北地区近44年干湿特征的最主要空间分布模态；西北地区干湿异常特征主要分为西风带气候区型，高原气候区型和季风气候区型；整个西北地区及其西风带气候区、高原气候区年干湿特征呈较为显著的变湿趋势，大约在20世纪70年代中期均发生了由干向湿的突变，而季风气候区表现为变干趋势，并且在90年代前期发生了由湿向干的突变；整个西北地区及各分区近44年来主要以年代际周期振荡为主。
英文摘要	Northwest(NW) China covers Xinjiang,Qinghai,Ningxia,Shaanxi and the western part of Inner Mongolia;it is located to the north and northeast of the QinghaiTibetan Plateau,far away from oceans.This extensive region is one of the aridest areas in the world and also a principal arid and semi-arid expanse in China, including totally 85% of such land in China.This region is under the impacts of westerly,plateau and monsoon climates so that rainfall undergoes great variability and there is a high frequency of drought,serving as a zone sensitive to climate change and ecologically vulnerable.The inference is presented by Shi Yafeng that the NW climate is changing from a dry,warm one to a moist,warm stage one,which is awaited for further studies with more climate elements.Whether climate pattern changes or not depends completely on the change in hydrological cycle whose critical ingredient is evaporation,by which,in combination with rainfall and runoff,a regional hydrological equilibrium is determined.Rainfall is focused on by previous studies on NW China climate change and the pattern conversion and it is considered by few researchers whether the climate is changing from a warm,dry one to a warm,moist pattern by means of rainfall and evaporation in combination,which are two no negligible aspects of water equilibrium on a regional basis.It is apparent that drought is led to by deficient precipitation and evaporation would increase such that it is feasible to take into account the budget of rainfall and precipitation in the study on transformation of arid-moist climate for the NW China,which is of far-reaching strategic and practical significance to NW China socio-economic development.Based on 19602003 rainfall and small-sized evaporation pan measurements from 131 stations in NW China,an aridity-wetness homogenized index of rainfall and evaporation is proposed as the crucial components of hydrological equilibrium,with EOF,REOF,tendency analysis,M-K sudden change check and Morlet wavelet analysis,the aridity-wetness evolution characteristic is analyzed over northwest China in recent 44 years. Results show that a regional consistent anomaly serves as the paramount mode of the 19602003 yearly dry and wet features,as well as the opposite feature in the NW(NE) to the SE(SW) which is also the important mode for the annual dry and wet abnormality.The space patterns for the arid and moist anomaly include the westerly,tableland and monsoon climates.The annual arid and wet features display greatly humidification trends in the whole NW,westerly and tableland climate zones,with the westerly climate humidification stronger than the trend of the tableland sub-zone,their abrupt change is from arid to moist in the mid-1970s.While the area on the fringe of monsoon climate in the southeast of NW China shows a trend of turning aridity,their abrupt change is from moist to arid in the early 1990s.In spite of the period surge which is not the same as in NW and three key climate zones,inter-decadal oscillation of over 8-year is a main period in all regions,35-year inter-annual surge is also shown in all regions,but the intensity of amplitude is weak.
中文关键词	西北地区 ; 干湿特征 ; 时空演变
英文关键词	Northwest China drought and moist characteristics temporal and spatial evolution
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3042039
来源机构	中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/221675
作者单位	1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室;;中国气象局干旱变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国; 2.南京信息工程大学, 南京, 江苏 210044, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王鹏祥,何金海,郑有飞,等. 近44年来我国西北地区干湿特征分析[J]. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,2007,18(6):769-775.
APA	王鹏祥,何金海,郑有飞,&张强.(2007).近44年来我国西北地区干湿特征分析.,18(6),769-775.
MLA	王鹏祥,et al."近44年来我国西北地区干湿特征分析".18.6(2007):769-775.