干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 古尔班通古特沙漠1970-2000年代生物结皮覆盖变化研究

Arid

	古尔班通古特沙漠1970-2000年代生物结皮覆盖变化研究
其他题名	Spatial Pattern of Biological Soil Crusts and its Changes in Gurbantunggut Desert during the 1970 to the 2000
	杨伟 1; 陈晋 1; 张元明2 ; 王雪芹 2
ISSN	1000-3037
出版年	2006
卷号	21 期号:6 页码:934-941
中文摘要	生物结皮是古尔班通古特沙漠主要的地表覆盖类型,也是维持其地表稳定的重要生物因子.论文利用20世纪70年代中期、80年代末期及21世纪初的遥感影像,通过生物结皮指数提取了古尔班通古特沙漠在相应时期内的生物结皮空间分布.在此基础上,分析了研究区近30年来生物结皮空间分布的变化特征;利用景观分析软件Fragstats计算了各个时期内结皮覆盖的景观指数,并对其变化特征进行了分析.结果表明:由于新疆气候增湿、增暖明显,近30年来结皮发育良好.但由于油田开采、水利工程建设、牲畜放牧等人类活动的加强,结皮发育受到较为严重的干扰,区域内结皮斑块破碎化程度加大.
英文摘要	The biological soil crusts, especially lichen crusts, are well developed in Gurbantunggut Desert, the largest fixed and semi-fixed sandy desert in China. Together with vascular plant, biologioal soil crusts become an important factor relating to sandy surface fixation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the variation of the biological soil crust distribution in Curbantonggut desert from the 1970s through to the 2000s.In this study,43 samples including lichen dominated biological crust, bare sand, litter and green vegetation were collected. The reflectance spectra of these samples were measured and a new biological soil crust index(BSCI) was used to detect and map the lichen-dominated crusts by remotely sensed data including four Landsat ETM+ images, four Landsat TM images and five Landsat MSS images, acquired in the 197Os,the 1980s and the 2000s respectively. Based on the maps of the biological soil crust distribution in the 1970s, the 1980s and the 2000s, we calculated the landscape indexes of biological soil, crust using software Fragstats and analyzed the variations of the crust distribution and their landscape features. The results showed that: (l) the biological soil crust was mainly distributed in the southeast part of this desert, but became gradually sparse toward northern and western parts of this desert. The crusts in the southeast part decreased remarkably, while in the north and central parts of the desert it developed very well during the 1970s to the 1980s. (2)There was an increasing trend for crusted areas during the 1970s to the 1980s in general, and the crusted areas displayed a decreasing trend during the 1980s to the 2000s.The climate change and increasing human activities resulted in such a trend. (3)An increasing landscape fragmentation, irregularity of patch shape and bigger isolation between patches were observed during the 1970s to the 2000s because of the significant human disturbance.
中文关键词	生物结皮 ; 空间分布 ; 古尔班通古特沙漠 ; 遥感技术 ; 景观破碎化
英文关键词	biological soil crust variation of spatial distribution Gurbantunggut Desert landscape fragmentation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2539710
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 ; 北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/220610
作者单位	1.北京师范大学,资源学院, 北京 100875, 中国; 2.中国科学院,新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨伟,陈晋,张元明,等. 古尔班通古特沙漠1970-2000年代生物结皮覆盖变化研究[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 北京师范大学,2006,21(6):934-941.
APA	杨伟,陈晋,张元明,&王雪芹.(2006).古尔班通古特沙漠1970-2000年代生物结皮覆盖变化研究.,21(6),934-941.
MLA	杨伟,et al."古尔班通古特沙漠1970-2000年代生物结皮覆盖变化研究".21.6(2006):934-941.