干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源与生态保护

Arid

	青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源与生态保护
其他题名	Pasture Resources and Ecological Protection in Qinghai Lake Drainage Basin and Surrounding Areas
	周笃珺; 马海州; 山发寿; 黄华兵; 吴非权; 曹广超; 陈忠; 高东林
ISSN	1007-7588
出版年	2006
卷号	28 期号:3 页码:94-101
中文摘要	青海湖流域内的巨大水体、高山和草地是阻挡西部荒漠东侵的重要生态屏障,对维系区域生态稳定和可持续发展发挥着重大作用.青海湖流域及周边地区总面积5.09*10^4km^2,畜牧业经济占有较大比重,草地占土地总面积的75%以上.通过资料整理、实地考察和GIS手段,主要依据1984年厦门会议分类系统,青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源类型可分为74个小类,纳入山地疏林草地、山地灌丛草地、温性草原草地、高寒草甸草地和荒漠草地5个大类.近年来,受气候变化和不合理人类活动的影响,青海湖流域及周边地区水位下降、土地沙化和草地退化问题变得十分突出,高寒型、荒漠化生态特点愈加突出,生物多样性锐减,已引起人们愈来愈多的关注;本文系统探讨了青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源特征和生态现状,提出了增加草被覆盖、治理草地荒漠化、优化畜牧业生产、强化鼠虫害防治和控制旅游经济规模等保护草地资源的相应对策.
英文摘要	In Qinghai Lake drainage area, there are great stretches of lake, alpine mountains and pasture, which are important ecological barriers to stop the expansion of western desert, and playing a remarkable role to hold regional environment stabilization and sustainable development. Qinghai Lake drainage basin and its surrounding areas include Qinghai Lake drainage area, Gonghe basin and eastern Qaidam basin, with a total area of 5.0910^4 km^2. Gonghe basin and eastern Qaidam basin are also the important desertification source land connecting with Qinghai Lake drainage area; it is significant for us to consider the ecological situation in Gonghe basin and eastern Qaidam basin in drawing up the overall environment management plans. The stockbreeding has a relatively large economic proportion and more than 75 % of the land is pasture in Qinghai Lake drainage basin and circumjacent area. Because of the complex natural conditions, the types of pasture resources are various and unique. On the basis of data analysis pasture resources were divided into 5 types： 1 ） Mountainous sparse wood pasture, which is located at 3 700m - 4 400m above sea level, distributing in Dulan county and Qinghai Nanshan region to the west of Qinghai Lake, with 3.6710^4 ha and 0.72% of total land proportion in Qinghai Lake drainage basin and circumjacent area; 2） Mountainous shrubbery pasture, which is shaped in the frigid environment of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, and mainly lies on the steep northern slopes and bottomlands at 3 800m-4200m above sea level, with 21.3410^4 ha and 4.19% of total land area; 3） Temperate prairie pasture, which is mainly distributed in the valley and upland of Gonghe, Chaqia and eastern Qaidam basin, and the terrace around Qinghai Lake, with 159.5810^4 ha and 31.35% of total land area; 4） Frigid Alpine meadow pasture, which is an important type, and distributed in basin, hill and mountains above 3 200m, with representative Carex and Kobresia plants, 135.6010^4 ha and 26.64% of total land area; 5） Deserted pasture, which consists of frigid Alpine hungriness and typical hungriness, respectively lying in north-western Tianjun county and eastern Qaidam basin, with 65.2310^4 ha and 12.81% of total land area. Under the pressures of climatic change and irrational human activities, the problems including the lake level decline, land desertification and pasture degradation are getting more and more serious in this area, the ecological characters of frigid Alpine and hungriness environment become more remarkable, and the biodiversity is lossing rapidly. This paper discusses the protection measures of pasture resources, including increasing vegetation cover, slowing the desertification, optimizing stockbreeding structure, annihilating rat and insect pest harm, and controlling tourism scale in this area.
中文关键词	青海湖 ; 周边地区 ; 草地资源 ; 生态现状 ; 保护对策
英文关键词	GIS Qinghai Lake Circumjacent area Pasture resources GIS Current ecological situation Protection measures
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2451228
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/220574
作者单位	中国科学院青海盐湖研究所, 西宁, 青海 810008, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周笃珺,马海州,山发寿,等. 青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源与生态保护[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2006,28(3):94-101.
APA	周笃珺.,马海州.,山发寿.,黄华兵.,吴非权.,...&高东林.(2006).青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源与生态保护.,28(3),94-101.
MLA	周笃珺,et al."青海湖流域及周边地区的草地资源与生态保护".28.3(2006):94-101.