干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 动物践踏干扰对生物结皮中微生物生态分布的影响

Arid

	动物践踏干扰对生物结皮中微生物生态分布的影响
其他题名	Study on the Effects of Trample of Grazed Livestock on the Ecological Distributi on of Microorganisms in Microbiotic Crusts in the Gurbantonggut Desert
	吴楠; 梁少民; 王红玲; 聂华丽; 张元明
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2006
卷号	23 期号:1 页码:50-55
中文摘要	古尔班通古特沙漠作为北疆冬季牧场，普遍承受牲畜的践踏干扰，研究表明：动物践踏干扰导致各种类型生物结皮的覆盖度有不同程度的降低，干扰主要集中于结皮层（0～2cm）。微生物各类群对践踏干扰的反应具差异性，真菌与干扰的相关性最高，细菌和放线菌对干扰不敏感。践踏干扰改变了微生物各类群在垄间低地的数量垂直分布格局，但并未改变微生物区系组成。有机质对干扰不敏感，仍随土层加深而递减，在结皮层（0～2cm）中与干扰率的相关性相对较高。
英文摘要	The study area, the Gurbantonggut Desert 1. ）, is located in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, it is the （44°11＇-46°20＇N, 84°31＇-90°00＇E, 300-600 m a. s. largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China, and its area is 4.88 * 10^4 km^2. Some sand deserts and sandlands in varying sizes are sporadically distributed in its peripheral regions. The northwest-southeast dune-chains are densely distributed, and their height varies in a range of 10-50 m, and their length is over 10 km. In the Gurbantonggut Desert, it belongs to the typical continental arid climate, the annual air temperature and precipitation vary in ranges of 6-10 ℃and 70-150 mm respectively, the annual evaporation is over 2 000 mm, the annual accumulated temperature and the days with stable snowcover vary in ranges of 3 000-3 500 ℃and 100-160 days, and the maximum snowcover depth is over 20 cm. Microbiotic crusts are sensitive to disturbances including livestock grazing, fire and mechanical compression due to the increase of human activities in the Gurbantonggut Desert. Those disturbances can directly affect the struc- ture, composition and function of microbiotic crusts. This study is to investigate the distribution and quantity of microorganisms in microbiotic crusts trampled by grazed livestock. The result shows that trample of grazed livestock can reduce the coverage of microbiotic crusts, especially the lichen and moss crusts. The response of microbiotic crusts to grazing disturbance is different. Fungi are much more sensitive to grazing disturbance. The correlation between the vertical spatial distribution of microorganisms and the disturbances is significant in microbiotic crusts （0-2 cm in thickness）, and the correlation between the organic matter content in soil and the disturbances is not so significant, especially at soil depth range of 2-5 cm.
中文关键词	微生物 ; 生态分布 ; 生物结皮 ; 践踏干扰 ; 古尔班通古特沙漠 ; 新疆
英文关键词	ecological distribution soil microorganism microbiotic crust trample disturbance the Gurbantonggut Desert Xinjiang.
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MICROBIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Microbiology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2296693
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/219719
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴楠,梁少民,王红玲,等. 动物践踏干扰对生物结皮中微生物生态分布的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2006,23(1):50-55.
APA	吴楠,梁少民,王红玲,聂华丽,&张元明.(2006).动物践踏干扰对生物结皮中微生物生态分布的影响.,23(1),50-55.
MLA	吴楠,et al."动物践踏干扰对生物结皮中微生物生态分布的影响".23.1(2006):50-55.