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	华南农田下垫面地气交换和能量收支的观测研究
其他题名	An Observation Study of Surface - Air Exchanges and Energy Budget at an Agricultural Site in South China
	郭晓峰 1; 康凌 2; 蔡旭晖 1; 朱彤 2
ISSN	1006-9895
出版年	2006
卷号	30 期号:3 页码:453-463
中文摘要	利用2004年11月至12月在广东省惠州地区进行的湍流连续观测资料,分析非均匀农田近地面层的基本气象要素特征以及水汽和CO2的浓度与通量输送规律,作为今后深入探讨地表非均匀性效应的基础.通过各辐射分量和感热、潜热与土壤热通量的特征分析,研究能量收支的基本状况,并讨论了造成显著能量不平衡的原因.观测的基本结果是：（1）近地面1.8 m高度处以北风为主,风速大多低于2 m/s,正午入射太阳辐射约700 W/m^2;CO2浓度的日变化范围为600～900 mg/m^3,水汽为5～25 g/m^3.（2）各气象要素呈现明显的日变化,当地温度日较差约10℃,相对湿度始终高于50%.CO2和水汽的浓度在夜间较白天高,二者的日平均值为713.7 mg/m^3和15.9 g/m^3;利用涡旋相关法,测得二者的通量在白天高于夜间,日平均值为25.3 mg·m^-2·s^-1和-4.7*10^-2mg·m^-2。s当地的日平均波文（Bowen）比仅为0.04,这主要是由于当地的高湿度造成的.（3）当地存在显著的能量不平衡现象,正午时的差额热通量可高达150 W/m^2,这可能与平均垂直运动输送的作用、观测误差以及通量和辐射观测的源地不匹配等原因有关.研究结果与荒漠、城市和稻田下垫面的观测事实进行了定量比较.
英文摘要	A field experiment was carried out at a heterogeneously vegetated agricuhural site in Huizhou, Guangdong Province from November to December, 2004. One of its main purposes is to study the effects of the surface heterogeneity. As a preliminary study, this work reports the characteristics of basic meteorological quantities in the surface layer, as well as the concentrations and fluxes of water vapor and carbon dioxide. Additionally, the characteristics of various components of radiation, sensible heat, latent heat and soil heat fluxes are analyzed in detail, followed by energy budget study. Main findings are as follows. Firstly, the site is characterized by north wind with a velocity usually less than 2 m/s at a height of 1.8 m. Incident solar radiation is around 700 W/m^2 at noon. CO2 concentration varies between 600 and 900 mg/m^3 , while water vapor concentration ranges between 5 and 25 g/m^3. Secondly, obvious diurnal variation is observed in various meteorological quantities. It is found that the diurnal temperature range is about 10℃ and the relative humidity is constantly above 50%. Higher concentrations of CO2 and water vapor are found at night, with daily averages of 713. 7 mg/m^3 and 15.9 g/m^3, respectively. However, by the eddy correlation method, calculated fluxes of them are found higher during the daytime and their daily averages are 25. 3 mg · m^-2· s^-1 and -4. 7* 10^-2mg· m^-2 s^-1, respectively. A quite small value of diurnal mean Bowen ratio is estimated as 0. 04, which implies low latent heat locally due to the high relative humidity. Finally, 5% and 50% in the net radiation are transported to the atmosphere in the forms of sensible and latent heat, respectively. And energy imbalance is conspicuously observed at the site. The mean marginal heat flux at noon could be even larger than 150 W/m^2. It may be caused by the negligence of the heat contributed by vertical convective motions, measurement errors, as well as the mismatching source areas between the radiation and flux measurements. In the study, quantitative comparisons are also made with the observational results derived over desert, urban and rice paddy surfaces.
中文关键词	湍流观测 ; 近地面层 ; 能量收支 ; 农田
英文关键词	turbulence observation surface layer energy budget agricultural site
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2450311
来源机构	北京大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/219488
作者单位	1.北京大学环境学院环境科学系, 北京 100871, 中国; 2.北京大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭晓峰,康凌,蔡旭晖,等. 华南农田下垫面地气交换和能量收支的观测研究[J]. 北京大学,2006,30(3):453-463.
APA	郭晓峰,康凌,蔡旭晖,&朱彤.(2006).华南农田下垫面地气交换和能量收支的观测研究.,30(3),453-463.
MLA	郭晓峰,et al."华南农田下垫面地气交换和能量收支的观测研究".30.3(2006):453-463.