干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Ancient trash mounds unravel urban collapse a century before the end of Byzantine hegemony in the southern Levant

Arid

DOI	10.1073/pnas.1900233116
	Ancient trash mounds unravel urban collapse a century before the end of Byzantine hegemony in the southern Levant
	Bar-Oz, Guy 1; Weissbrod, Lior 1; Erickson-Gini, Tali 2; Tepper, Yotam 1; Malkinson, Dan 3; Benzaquen, Mordechay 4; Langgut, Dafna 4; Dunseth, Zachary C.4,5,6; Butler, Don H.5,6; Shahack-Gross, Ruth 5,6; Roskin, Joel 5,6; Fuks, Daniel 7; Weiss, Ehud 7; Marom, Nimrod 1,5,6; Ktalav, Inbar 1; Blevis, Rachel 1; Zohar, Irit 1; Farhi, Yoav 8; Filatova, Anya 1; Gorin-Rosen, Yael 9; Yan, Xin 10; Boaretto, Elisabetta 10
通讯作者	Bar-Oz, Guy
来源期刊	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ISSN	0027-8424
出版年	2019
卷号	116 期号:17 页码:8239-8248
英文摘要	The historic event of the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA) was recently identified in dozens of natural and geological climate proxies of the northern hemisphere. Although this climatic downturn was proposed as a major cause for pandemic and extensive societal upheavals in the sixth-seventh centuries CE, archaeological evidence for the magnitude of societal response to this event is sparse. This study uses ancient trash mounds as a type of proxy for identifying societal crisis in the urban domain, and employs multidisciplinary investigations to establish the terminal date of organized trash collection and high-level municipal functioning on a city-wide scale. Survey, excavation, sediment analysis, and geographic information system assessment of mound volume were conducted on a series of mounds surrounding the Byzantine urban settlement of Elusa in the Negev Desert. These reveal the massive collection and dumping of domestic and construction waste over time on the city edges. Carbon dating of charred seeds and charcoal fragments combined with ceramic analysis establish the end date of orchestrated trash removal near the mid-sixth century, coinciding closely with the beginning of the LALIA event and outbreak of the Justinian Plague in the year 541. This evidence for societal decline during the sixth century ties with other arguments for urban dysfunction across the Byzantine Levant at this time. We demonstrate the utility of trash mounds as sensitive proxies of social response and unravel the time-space dynamics of urban collapse, suggesting diminished resilience to rapid climate change in the frontier Negev region of the empire.
英文关键词	ancient urban trash mounds societal collapse Late Antique Little Ice Age Byzantine period southern Levant
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Israel
开放获取类型	hybrid, Green Published
收录类别	SCI-E ; SSCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000465363700030
WOS关键词	CLIMATE-CHANGE ; NEGEV ; AGE
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
来源机构	Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/218175
作者单位	1.Univ Haifa, Zinman Inst Archaeol, IL-3498838 Haifa, Israel; 2.Israel Antiqu Author, Archaeol Div, IL-84965 Omer, Israel; 3.Univ Haifa, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, IL-3498838 Haifa, Israel; 4.Tel Aviv Univ, Sonia & Marco Nadler Inst Archaeol, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel; 5.Univ Haifa, Dept Maritime Civilizat, Leon H Charney Sch Marine Sci, IL-3498838 Haifa, Israel; 6.Univ Haifa, Leon Recanati Inst Maritime Studies, IL-3498838 Haifa, Israel; 7.Bar Ilan Univ, Martin Szusz Dept Land Israel Studies & Archaeol, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel; 8.Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Hist, IL-8410501 Beer Sheva, Israel; 9.Israel Antiqu Author, Glass Dept, IL-91004 Jerusalem, Israel; 10.Weizmann Inst Sci, Dangoor Res Accelerator Mass Spectrometer Radioca, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bar-Oz, Guy,Weissbrod, Lior,Erickson-Gini, Tali,et al. Ancient trash mounds unravel urban collapse a century before the end of Byzantine hegemony in the southern Levant[J]. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,2019,116(17):8239-8248.
APA	Bar-Oz, Guy.,Weissbrod, Lior.,Erickson-Gini, Tali.,Tepper, Yotam.,Malkinson, Dan.,...&Boaretto, Elisabetta.(2019).Ancient trash mounds unravel urban collapse a century before the end of Byzantine hegemony in the southern Levant.PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,116(17),8239-8248.
MLA	Bar-Oz, Guy,et al."Ancient trash mounds unravel urban collapse a century before the end of Byzantine hegemony in the southern Levant".PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 116.17(2019):8239-8248.