干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Soil Type and Cyanobacteria Species Influence the Macromolecular and Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharidic Matrix in Induced Biocrusts

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s00248-018-1305-y
	Soil Type and Cyanobacteria Species Influence the Macromolecular and Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharidic Matrix in Induced Biocrusts
	Chamizo, Sonia; Adessi, Alessandra; Mugnai, Gianmarco; Simiani, Andrea; De Philippis, Roberto
通讯作者	Chamizo, Sonia
来源期刊	MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
ISSN	0095-3628
EISSN	1432-184X
出版年	2019
卷号	78 期号:2 页码:482-493
英文摘要	Inoculation of soils with cyanobacteria is proposed as a sustainable biotechnological technique for restoration of degraded areas in drylands due to the important role that cyanobacteria and their exopolysaccharides (EPS) play in the environment. So far, few studies have analyzed the macromolecular and chemical characteristics of the polysaccharidic matrix in induced cyanobacterial biocrusts and the scarce existing studies have mainly focused on sandy soil textures. However, the characteristics of the cyanobacterial polysaccharidic matrix may greatly depend on soil type. The objective of this study was to examine the macromolecular distribution and monosaccharidic composition of the polysaccharidic matrix induced by inoculation of two cyanobacterial species common in arid environments, Phormidium ambiguum (non N-fixing) and Scytonema javanicum (N-fixing) in different soil types. S. javanicum promoted a higher release in the soil of the more soluble and less condensed EPS fraction (i.e., the loosely bound EPS fraction, LB-EPS), while P. ambiguum showed a higher release of the less soluble and more condensed EPS fraction (i.e., the tightly bound EPS fraction, TB-EPS). LB-EPSs were mainly composed of low MW molecules (<50kDa), while TB-EPSs were mainly composed of high MW molecules (1100-2000kDa). The two EPS fractions showed a complex monosaccharidic composition (from 11 to 12 different types of monosaccharides), with glucose as the most abundant monosaccharide, in particular in the poorer soils characterized by lower organic C contents. In more C-rich soils, high abundances of galactose, mannose, and xylose were also found. Low abundance of uronic acids and hydrophobic monosaccharides, such as fucose and rhamnose, was found in the EPS extracted from the inoculated soils. Our results point to the influence of soil type on the macromolecular distribution and monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharidic matrix in induced biocrusts, which is likely to affect biocrust development and their role in soil structure and nutrient cycling in restored dryland soils.
英文关键词	Biological soil crust Cyanobacteria inoculation Molecular weight Monosaccharide composition Loosely bound EPS Tightly bound EPS
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Italy
开放获取类型	Green Published, hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000475700200017
WOS关键词	EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE-PRODUCING CYANOBACTERIA ; EXOCELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES ; NOSTOC CYANOBACTERIA ; SUCCESSIONAL STAGES ; CRUSTS ; DESERT ; CARBON ; INOCULATION ; EROSION ; SURFACE
WOS类目	Ecology ; Marine & Freshwater Biology ; Microbiology
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Marine & Freshwater Biology ; Microbiology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/217598
作者单位	Univ Florence, Dept Agrifood Prod & Environm Sci DISPAA, Florence, Italy
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Chamizo, Sonia,Adessi, Alessandra,Mugnai, Gianmarco,et al. Soil Type and Cyanobacteria Species Influence the Macromolecular and Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharidic Matrix in Induced Biocrusts[J],2019,78(2):482-493.
APA	Chamizo, Sonia,Adessi, Alessandra,Mugnai, Gianmarco,Simiani, Andrea,&De Philippis, Roberto.(2019).Soil Type and Cyanobacteria Species Influence the Macromolecular and Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharidic Matrix in Induced Biocrusts.MICROBIAL ECOLOGY,78(2),482-493.
MLA	Chamizo, Sonia,et al."Soil Type and Cyanobacteria Species Influence the Macromolecular and Chemical Characteristics of the Polysaccharidic Matrix in Induced Biocrusts".MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 78.2(2019):482-493.