干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Growth of cyanobacterial soil crusts during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s12275-019-8359-5
	Growth of cyanobacterial soil crusts during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles
	Schmidt, Steven K.; Vimercati, Lara
通讯作者	Schmidt, Steven K.
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
ISSN	1225-8873
EISSN	1976-3794
出版年	2019
卷号	57 期号:4 页码:243-251
英文摘要	Various Nostoc spp. and related cyanobacteria are able to survive extreme temperatures and are among the most successful colonists of high-elevation sites being exposed due to glacial retreat. It is unclear, however, if cyanobacteria can grow during the extreme freeze-thaw cycles that occur on a year-round basis at high-elevation, peri-glacial sites or if they only grow during the rare periods when freeze-thaw cycles do not occur. We conducted several experiments to determine if cyanobacteria that form biological soil crusts (BSCs) at high-elevation sites (> 5,000 m.a.s.l.) in the Andes can grow during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles on a par with those that occur in the field. Here we show that a soil crust that had been frozen at -20 degrees C for five years was able to increase from 40% to 100% soil coverage during a 45-day incubation during which the soil temperature cycled between -12 degrees C and 26 degrees C every day. In a second, experiment an undeveloped soil with no visible BSCs showed a statistically significant shift in the bacterial community from one containing few cyanobacterial sequences (8% of sequences) to one dominated (27%) by Nostoc, Microcoleus, and Leptolyngbya phylotypes during a 77-day incubation with daily freeze-thaw cycles. In addition, counts of spherical Nostoc-like colonies increased significantly on the soil surface during the experiment, especially in microcosms receiving phosphorus. Taken together these results show that freeze-thaw cycles alone do not limit the growth of BSCs in high-elevation soils, and provide new insight into how life is able to thrive in one of the most extreme terrestrial environments on Earth.
英文关键词	biological soil crusts Nostoc commune terraforming Mars extremophiles glacier retreat soil stabilization BSCs astrobiology
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	USA
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000462970800004
WOS关键词	TERRESTRIAL CYANOBACTERIUM ; EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES ; MICROBIAL PHOTOTROPHS ; PERIODIC DESICCATION ; ELEVATION ; DESERT ; SUCCESSION ; TOLERANCE ; EVOLUTION ; COMMUNITIES
WOS类目	Microbiology
WOS研究方向	Microbiology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/217235
作者单位	Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Schmidt, Steven K.,Vimercati, Lara. Growth of cyanobacterial soil crusts during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles[J],2019,57(4):243-251.
APA	Schmidt, Steven K.,&Vimercati, Lara.(2019).Growth of cyanobacterial soil crusts during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles.JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY,57(4),243-251.
MLA	Schmidt, Steven K.,et al."Growth of cyanobacterial soil crusts during diurnal freeze-thaw cycles".JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 57.4(2019):243-251.