干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns

Arid

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab2b1b
	Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns
	Smith, Jo 1; Nayak, Dali 1; Albanito, Fabrizio 1; Balana, Bedru 2,11; Black, Helaina 3; Boke, Shiferaw 4; Brand, Alison 1; Byg, Anja 5; Dinato, Mengistu 6; Habte, Mulugeta 4; Hallett, Paul 1; Argaw, Thomas Lemma 6; Mekuria, Wolde 7; Moges, Awdenegest 6; Muluneh, Alemayehu 6; Novo, Paula 5,8; Rivington, Mike 9; Tefera, Tewodros 6; Vanni, May 10; Yakob, Getahun 4; Phimister, Euan 10
通讯作者	Smith, Jo
来源期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
ISSN	1748-9326
出版年	2019
卷号	14 期号:8
英文摘要	The use of limited organic resources to build resilience to drought in semi-arid regions was investigated using systems modelling. The study focused on Halaba in Ethiopia, drawing on biophysical and socioeconomic data obtained from a survey of farms before, during and after the 2015/16 El Nino event. Using a simplified weather dataset to remove noise from weather fluctuations, a ten yearly El Nino was demonstrated to cause significant long-term degradation of soil, reducing crop yields by 9%-14% and soil carbon by 0.5%-4.1%; more frequent droughts would increase this impact. Farmers in Halaba usually apply manures to soils untreated. Counteracting the impact of El Nino on soil degradation is possible by increasing application of untreated manure, but would result in a small net cost due to loss of dung as fuel. By composting manure its recalcitrance increases, allowing soil degradation to be counteracted without cost. The best option investigated, in terms of both food and fuel security, for households with access to water and finances needed for anaerobic digestion (500-2000 US$), is to use manure to produce biogas and then apply the nutrient-rich bioslurry residue to the soil. This will result in a significant benefit of over 5000 US$ per decade from increased crop production and saved fuel costs. However, many households are limited in water and finances; in that situation, the much cheaper pyrolysis cook-stove (50 US$) can provide similar economic benefits without the need for water. The biochar residue from pyrolysis is highly recalcitrant, but pyrolysis results in loss of nutrients, so may result in lower yields than other uses of manures. This may be countered by using biochar to capture nutrients from elsewhere in the farm, such as from animal housing or compost pits; more work is needed to quantify the impact of treated biochar on crop yields.
英文关键词	organic resource use resilience soil degradation compost bioslurry biochar El Nino
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Scotland ; Ghana ; Ethiopia ; Nigeria
开放获取类型	Green Submitted, Green Published, gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000478754100003
WOS关键词	BIOGAS DIGESTERS ; MITIGATION ; BIOCHAR
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/215514
作者单位	1.Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland; 2.Int Water Management Inst, Accra, Ghana; 3.James Hutton Inst, Ecol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland; 4.Southern Agr Res Inst, Dept Nat Resources, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 5.James Hutton Inst, Social Econ & Geog Sci Grp, Aberdeen, Scotland; 6.Hawassa Univ, Environm Gender & Dev Studies, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 7.Int Water Management Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 8.Scotlands Rural Coll SRUC, Land Econ Environm & Soc, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; 9.James Hutton Inst, Informat & Computat Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland; 10.Univ Aberdeen, Business Sch, Aberdeen, Scotland; 11.IFPRI, Abuja, Nigeria
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Smith, Jo,Nayak, Dali,Albanito, Fabrizio,et al. Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns[J],2019,14(8).
APA	Smith, Jo.,Nayak, Dali.,Albanito, Fabrizio.,Balana, Bedru.,Black, Helaina.,...&Phimister, Euan.(2019).Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,14(8).
MLA	Smith, Jo,et al."Treatment of organic resources before soil incorporation in semi-arid regions improves resilience to El Nino, and increases crop production and economic returns".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 14.8(2019).