干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Are diurnal time-budgets and activity patterns density-dependent in the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering in Algeria? An analysis across multiple temporal scales

Arid

DOI	10.1186/s40657-019-0152-y
	Are diurnal time-budgets and activity patterns density-dependent in the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering in Algeria? An analysis across multiple temporal scales
	Bensizerara, Djamel 1; Chenchouni, Haroun 2,3
通讯作者	Chenchouni, Haroun
来源期刊	AVIAN RESEARCH
ISSN	2053-7166
出版年	2019
卷号	10
英文摘要	Background: The Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) is a characteristic waterbird species of inland wetlands in northeastern Algeria. Its wintering behavior in relation to changes of local abundances and foraging group density is poorly known. Objectives: This study aims at monitoring patterns of diurnal activities and the variation of behavioral time-budgets in relation to numbers of wintering Shelducks. We investigate temporal variations of diurnal activities across multiple-time scales and consider their interrelationships. Methods: Assessments of local population abundance were weekly surveyed during two wintering seasons (2010-2012), whereas diurnal activities (feeding, sleeping, swimming, preening, loafing, flying, courtship, and antagonism) were studied three times a month during seven hours (08:00-16:00) using the Scan method. Time budget variations of each behavioral activity were tested using nested ANOVAs following multiple time scales. Generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMM) tested whether variations in diurnal activities were density-dependent. Results: During the wintering season, Shelduck's numbers followed a bell-shaped trend, which indicated that the species was typically a wintering migrant in Sabkha Djendli. The first individuals arrived onsite in October-November then numbers reached a peak in January (up to 2400 individuals in 2012) with steady density during December-February, afterward individuals left the site progressively until late April when the site is deserted. During both wintering seasons, diurnal activities were dominated by feeding (60%), followed by sleeping (12%) then swimming and preening with 9% and 8%, respectively. The rest of the activities (loafing, flying, courtship and antagonistic behaviors) had low proportions of time budget. ANOVAs showed that activity time budgets varied significantly following multiple time scales (year, season, month, day, semi-hour). Time budgets of diurnal activities during each wintering season were significantly interrelated. Correlations patterns between the two seasons were similar. GLMMs revealed that the variations of diurnal activities were not density-dependent, except for preening and swimming. Conclusion: During the wintering season, habitats of Sabkha Djendli are important for waterbirds, including the Shelduck that used the lake mainly for food-foraging and resting. The 2400 individuals censused in mid-winter are important locally and at the North African scale. This stresses the need to strengthen the protection status of this wetland and mitigate degradation sources that threaten wintering waterfowl.
英文关键词	Anatidae Multi-temporal scales North African wetlands Time budget Waterbird census
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Algeria
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000466731200001
WOS关键词	WETLAND COMPLEX ; BEHAVIOR ; WATERBIRDS
WOS类目	Ornithology
WOS研究方向	Zoology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/214578
作者单位	1.Univ Abbes Laghrour, Fac Nat & Life Sci, Dept Biol, Khenchela 40000, Algeria; 2.Univ Tebessa, Fac Exact Sci & Nat & Life Sci, Dept Nat & Life Sci, Tebessa 12002, Algeria; 3.Univ Oum El Bouaghi, Lab Nat Resources & Management Sensit Environm RN, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bensizerara, Djamel,Chenchouni, Haroun. Are diurnal time-budgets and activity patterns density-dependent in the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering in Algeria? An analysis across multiple temporal scales[J],2019,10.
APA	Bensizerara, Djamel,&Chenchouni, Haroun.(2019).Are diurnal time-budgets and activity patterns density-dependent in the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering in Algeria? An analysis across multiple temporal scales.AVIAN RESEARCH,10.
MLA	Bensizerara, Djamel,et al."Are diurnal time-budgets and activity patterns density-dependent in the Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) wintering in Algeria? An analysis across multiple temporal scales".AVIAN RESEARCH 10(2019).