Arid
DOI10.3390/rs10101514
Radar Path Delay Effects in Volcanic Gas Plumes: The Case of Lascar Volcano, Northern Chile
Bredemeyer, Stefan1; Ulmer, Franz-Georg2; Hansteen, Thor H.1; Walter, Thomas R.3
通讯作者Bredemeyer, Stefan
来源期刊REMOTE SENSING
ISSN2072-4292
出版年2018
卷号10期号:10
英文摘要

Modern volcano monitoring commonly involves Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements to identify ground motions caused by volcanic activity. However, InSAR is largely affected by changes in atmospheric refractivity, in particular by changes which can be attributed to the distribution of water (H2O) vapor in the atmospheric column. Gas emissions from continuously degassing volcanoes contain abundant water vapor and thus produce variations in the atmospheric water vapor content above and downwind of the volcano, which are notably well captured by short-wavelength X-band SAR systems. These variations may in turn cause differential phase errors in volcano deformation estimates due to excess radar path delay effects within the volcanic gas plume. Inversely, if these radar path delay effects are better understood, they may be even used for monitoring degassing activity, by means of the precipitable water vapor (PWV) content in the plume at the time of SAR acquisitions, which may provide essential information on gas plume dispersion and the state of volcanic and hydrothermal activity. In this work we investigate the radar path delays that were generated by water vapor contained in the volcanic gas plume of the persistently degassing Lascar volcano, which is located in the dry Atacama Desert of Northern Chile. We estimate water vapor contents based on sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission measurements from a scanning UV spectrometer (Mini-DOAS) station installed at Lascar volcano, which were scaled by H2O/SO2 molar mixing ratios obtained during a multi-component Gas Analyzer System (Multi-GAS) survey on the crater rim of the volcano. To calculate the water vapor content in the downwind portion of the plume, where an increase of water vapor is expected, we further applied a correction involving estimation of potential evaporation rates of water droplets governed by turbulent mixing of the condensed volcanic plume with the dry atmosphere. Based on these estimates we obtain daily average PWV contents inside the volcanic gas plume of 0.2-2.5 mm equivalent water column, which translates to a slant wet delay (SWD) in DInSAR data of 1.6-20 mm. We used these estimates in combination with our high resolution TerraSAR-X DInSAR observations at Lascar volcano, in order to demonstrate the occurrence of repeated atmospheric delay patterns that were generated by volcanic gas emissions. We show that gas plume related refractivity changes are significant and detectable in DInSAR measurements. Implications are two-fold: X-band satellite radar observations also contain information on the degassing state of a volcano, while deformation signals need to be interpreted with care, which has relevance for volcano observations at Lascar and for other sites worldwide.


英文关键词gas emission monitoring X-band InSAR scanning Mini-DOAS Multi-GAS volcanic gases precipitable water vapor radar path delay Lascar volcano
类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000448555800014
WOS关键词SOUFRIERE-HILLS-VOLCANO ; WATER-VAPOR ; GROUND DEFORMATION ; CAMPI FLEGREI ; SURFACE DEFORMATION ; SAR INTERFEROMETRY ; PRECIPITABLE WATER ; KILAUEA VOLCANO ; IZU PENINSULA ; SO2
WOS类目Remote Sensing
WOS研究方向Remote Sensing
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/212657
作者单位1.GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Res Div Dynam Ocean Floor 4, Wischhofstr 1-3, D-24148 Kiel, Germany;
2.German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Remote Sensing Technol Inst, D-82234 Oberpaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany;
3.GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Phys Volcanoes & Earthquakes 2 1, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Bredemeyer, Stefan,Ulmer, Franz-Georg,Hansteen, Thor H.,et al. Radar Path Delay Effects in Volcanic Gas Plumes: The Case of Lascar Volcano, Northern Chile[J],2018,10(10).
APA Bredemeyer, Stefan,Ulmer, Franz-Georg,Hansteen, Thor H.,&Walter, Thomas R..(2018).Radar Path Delay Effects in Volcanic Gas Plumes: The Case of Lascar Volcano, Northern Chile.REMOTE SENSING,10(10).
MLA Bredemeyer, Stefan,et al."Radar Path Delay Effects in Volcanic Gas Plumes: The Case of Lascar Volcano, Northern Chile".REMOTE SENSING 10.10(2018).
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