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A non-motile, coccobacilli-shaped and yellow-coloured bacterium, designated strain SYSU D60003(T), was isolated from a desert soil sample. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive. The whole cell hydrolysates contained LL-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic amino acid. The major fatty acids were C-16:0, summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c and/or C16 : 1! 6c) and iso-C-16:0. The respiratory menaquinones were MK-9(H-8), MK-9(H-4) and MK-9(H-6). The DNA G+C content was determined to be 70.2 % (genome). The polar lipids detected were diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid and seven unidentified polar lipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SYSU D60003(T) belonged to the order Acidimicrobiales (class Acidimicrobiia), but formed a clade closely linked to members of the genus Ilumatobacter. Data from a polyphasic taxonomy study suggested that the isolate represents a novel species of a novel genus in the order Acidimicrobiales, for which the name Desertimonas flava gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the proposed new taxon is SYSU D60003(T) (= KCTC 39917(T) = NBRC 112924(T)). Additionally, the new taxon along with the genus Ilumatobater (family unassigned) were distinctly separated from the related families Acidimicrobiaceae, Iamiaceae and ’Microtrichaceae’ in the phylogenetic trees, besides presenting a unique 16S rRNA gene signature nucleotides. Therefore, we propose a new family Ilumatobacteraceae fam. nov. within the order Acidimicrobiales to accommodate members of these two genera.