Arid
DOI10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.12.014
Rainfall over the African continent from the 19th through the 21st century
Nicholson, Sharon E.1; Funk, Chris2,3; Fink, Andreas H.4
通讯作者Nicholson, Sharon E.
来源期刊GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
ISSN0921-8181
EISSN1872-6364
出版年2018
卷号165页码:114-127
英文摘要

Most of the African continent is semi-arid and hence prone to extreme variations in rainfall from year to year. The extreme droughts that have plagued the Sahel and eastern Africa are particularly well known. This article uses a markedly expanded and updated rainfall data set to examine rainfall variability in 13 sectors that cover most of the continent. Annual rainfall is presented for each sector; the March-to-May and October-November seasons are also examined for equatorial sectors. In each case, the article includes the longest and most comprehensive precipitation gauge series ever published. All time series cover at least a century and most cover roughly one and one-half centuries or more.


Although towards the end of the 20th century there was a widespread trend towards more arid conditions, few significant trends are evident over the entire period of record. The largest were downward trends in the Sahel and western sectors of North Africa. In those regions, an abrupt reduction in rainfall occurred around 1968, but a synchronous change occurred many other parts of Africa. A recovery did occur in the Sahel, but to varying degrees across the east-west expanse of the region. Noteworthy is that the west-to-east rainfall gradient across the region appears to have weakened in recent decades. For the continent as a whole, another change began in the 1980s decade, with more arid conditions persisting at the continental scale until early in the twenty-irst century. No other such period of dry conditions occurred within the roughly one and one-half centuries evaluated here. A notable change also occurred at the seasonal level. During the period 1980 to 1998 rainfall during March-to-May was well below the long-term mean throughout most of the area from 20(degrees) N to 35(degrees)S.At the same time rainfall was above the long-term mean in most of eastern sectors within this latitude span, indicating a change in the seasonality of rainfall of a large part of Africa.


英文关键词Africa Rainfall Drought Teleconnections Multi-decadal variability Interannual variability
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA ; Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000432760000007
WOS关键词SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE ; WESTERN EQUATORIAL AFRICA ; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA ; SOUTHERN-AFRICA ; SUMMER PRECIPITATION ; DROUGHT CONTINUES ; SAHELIAN DROUGHT ; TROPICAL OCEANS ; CLIMATE-CHANGE ; FOOD SECURITY
WOS类目Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Physical Geography ; Geology
来源机构United States Geological Survey
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/209731
作者单位1.Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA;
2.US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA;
3.Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA;
4.Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Nicholson, Sharon E.,Funk, Chris,Fink, Andreas H.. Rainfall over the African continent from the 19th through the 21st century[J]. United States Geological Survey,2018,165:114-127.
APA Nicholson, Sharon E.,Funk, Chris,&Fink, Andreas H..(2018).Rainfall over the African continent from the 19th through the 21st century.GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE,165,114-127.
MLA Nicholson, Sharon E.,et al."Rainfall over the African continent from the 19th through the 21st century".GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE 165(2018):114-127.
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