Arid
DOI10.1002/ese3.189
Categorization of weathering stresses for photovoltaic modules
Koehl, Michael; Heck, Markus; Wiesmeier, Stefan
通讯作者Koehl, Michael
来源期刊ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
ISSN2050-0505
出版年2018
卷号6期号:2页码:93-111
英文摘要

Solar energy conversion requires permanent outdoor operation of essential components such as photovoltaic modules, solar collectors, or reflectors. They are exposed to weathering stresses. The stress levels depend on the local climates. Monitoring of climatic properties and sample properties in different climatic zones (alpine, arid, maritime, moderate, and tropical) during several years provided the base for categorization of these climates. The local climate does not differ very much from year to year in terms of frequency distributions, but big differences are found for different regions or climatic zones. Especially, the solar irradiation is very location-dependent. The alpine location shows the highest UV irradiation. The UV fraction of the solar irradiation is varying between 2.2% (tropics) and 4.7% (alps). The temperature histograms can be modeled by Gaussian distribution functions. The maritime histogram is very slim and high, showing the cooling by the sea and the wind. Several approaches for a categorization of these local climates can be applied: Mean temperatures, effective temperatures, or the corresponding constant testing time for fictive degradation processes with arbitrary activation energy. The categorization of the relative humidity revealed humid climates in the alpine and the tropical test site, when considering the time of wetness (rh>80%). Obviously, the humidity stress or the corrosivity would be very different at those sites. Therefore, a more holistic approach considering more stress factors simultaneously would be more appropriate for the categorization. The interaction between the samples and the climate creates the so-called micro-climate which is the real stress on the samples, such as surface temperature, daily temperature cycles, surface humidity, or temperature-enhanced photo-degradation. The conditions for accelerated life testing (ALT) modeled on the base of monitored climatic data and sample temperatures are different for the different locations. They offer another possibility for categorization of the climatic stresses and the option for designing climate-adapted components.


英文关键词Service life analysis weathering solar energy photovoltaics
类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000429417700004
WOS关键词PV-MODULES ; TEMPERATURE
WOS类目Energy & Fuels
WOS研究方向Energy & Fuels
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/208927
作者单位Fraunhofer ISE, Heidenhofstr 2, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Koehl, Michael,Heck, Markus,Wiesmeier, Stefan. Categorization of weathering stresses for photovoltaic modules[J],2018,6(2):93-111.
APA Koehl, Michael,Heck, Markus,&Wiesmeier, Stefan.(2018).Categorization of weathering stresses for photovoltaic modules.ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING,6(2),93-111.
MLA Koehl, Michael,et al."Categorization of weathering stresses for photovoltaic modules".ENERGY SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 6.2(2018):93-111.
条目包含的文件
条目无相关文件。
个性服务
推荐该条目
保存到收藏夹
导出为Endnote文件
谷歌学术
谷歌学术中相似的文章
[Koehl, Michael]的文章
[Heck, Markus]的文章
[Wiesmeier, Stefan]的文章
百度学术
百度学术中相似的文章
[Koehl, Michael]的文章
[Heck, Markus]的文章
[Wiesmeier, Stefan]的文章
必应学术
必应学术中相似的文章
[Koehl, Michael]的文章
[Heck, Markus]的文章
[Wiesmeier, Stefan]的文章
相关权益政策
暂无数据
收藏/分享

除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。