Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1002/ece3.4598 |
Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records | |
Gaskett, Anne C.1; Gallagher, Rachael V.2 | |
通讯作者 | Gaskett, Anne C. |
来源期刊 | ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
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ISSN | 2045-7758 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 8期号:22页码:11235-11245 |
英文摘要 | Aim We test for spatial and climatic patterns of diversification in the Orchidaceae, an angiosperm family characterized by high levels of species diversity and rarity. Globally, does orchid diversity correlate with land area? In Australia, does diversity correlate with herbarium collecting effort, range size, or climate niche breadth? Where are Australia’s orchids distributed spatially, in protected areas, and in climate space? Location Global, then Australia. Methods We compared orchid diversity with land area for continents and recognized orchid diversity hotspots. Then, we used cleaned herbarium records to compare collecting effort (for Australian Orchidaceae vs. all other plant families, and also among orchid genera). Spatial and climate distributions were mapped to determine orchids’ coverage in the protected area network, range sizes, and niche breadths. Results Globally, orchid diversity does not correlate with land area (depauperate regions are the subantarctic: 10 species, and northern North America: 394 species). Australian herbarium records and collecting effort generally reflect orchid species diversity (1,583 spp.), range sizes, and niche breadths. Orchids are restricted to 13% of Australia’s landmass with 211 species absent from any protected areas. Species richness is the greatest in three biomes with high general biodiversity: Temperate (especially southwest and southeast Australia), Tropical, and Subtropical (coastal northern Queensland). Absence from the Desert is consistent with our realized climate niche-orchids avoid high temperature/low rainfall environments. Orchids have narrower range sizes than nonorchid species. Highly diverse orchid genera have narrower rainfall breadths than less diverse genera. Main conclusions Herbarium data are adequate for testing hypotheses about Australian orchids. Distribution is likely driven by environmental factors. In contrast, diversification did not correlate with increases in range size, rainfall, or temperature breadths, suggesting speciation does not occur via invasion and local adaptation to new habitats. Instead, diversification may rely on access to extensive obligate symbioses with mycorrhizae and/or pollinators. |
英文关键词 | Australian Virtual Herbarium biogeography collecting effort natural history collections niche breadth Orchidaceae protected areas species richness |
类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | New Zealand ; Australia |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000451611000047 |
WOS关键词 | MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ; SEXUAL DECEPTION ; BIOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS ; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS ; SPECIES RICHNESS ; DOWN-UNDER ; HOT-SPOT ; POLLINATION ; CONSERVATION ; BIOGEOGRAPHY |
WOS类目 | Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology |
资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/208810 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland, New Zealand; 2.Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Gaskett, Anne C.,Gallagher, Rachael V.. Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records[J],2018,8(22):11235-11245. |
APA | Gaskett, Anne C.,&Gallagher, Rachael V..(2018).Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records.ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION,8(22),11235-11245. |
MLA | Gaskett, Anne C.,et al."Orchid diversity: Spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records".ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION 8.22(2018):11235-11245. |
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