干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄河应急调水经济补偿制度初探

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	黄河应急调水经济补偿制度初探
其他题名	Economic Compensation Systems of Emergent Water Dispatch in the Yellow River
	孔珂 1; 解建仓 1; 张春玲 2; 阮本清 2
来源期刊	资源科学
ISSN	1007-7588
出版年	2005
卷号	27 期号:3 页码:111-116
中文摘要	由于水资源日益紧张,实施应急水量调度已成为解决缺水地区水资源危机的常见手段.本文以黄河流域的应急调水为研究对象,分析了在产生正面效益的同时,应急调水也给上游造成发电、灌溉、生态等方面的损失.应急调水改变了正常的水资源分配秩序,使黄河水权制度处于不稳定的状态,从而影响水资源配置的公平性和高效性.需要建立合理的应急调水经济补偿制度来解决各方的矛盾冲突,消除调水的不利影响.本文建立了调水补偿制度的制度框架,对补偿制度的关键问题-补偿量的核算方式进行了研究,建立了水电站发电损失核算模型和灌区灌溉损失核算模型,进行了实例计算.目的是通过制度创新的方式推动黄河水资源的优化配置,为我国其他流域以及跨流域的水资源配置提供借鉴.
英文摘要	Emergent water dispatch has become an ordinary way to reduce the crisis in arid areas due to increasing shortage of water resources. The purpose of this study is to promote optimal allocation of water resources in the Yellow River by means of institutional innovation and to provide reference for water dispatches in other basins or between different basins in China. The study found that as emergent water dispatches generate positive benefit, they also bring negative effects on the water providers in upper stream, In addition, such water dispatches change the normal order of water resources allocation and thus water right systems of the Yellow River remains unstable, which will affect the equity and efficiency of water resources allocation. It is found that under current conditions, the emergent water dispatch is still necessary although its main negative effects including reduction of hydropower generation and irrigation, and destruction of environment still exist and need to be eliminated. Therefore, apart from sophisticated technology for a rational dispatch of the emergent water, a set of rational compensation systems dealing with the conflicts of different sides and eliminating the negative effects is highly needed. In this paper, a framework of economic compensation systems, which consists of the rules of estimation, the system of implementation and system of guarantee, is set up and the procedure of compensation is defined. As the key problem of the compensation is how to estimate the amount of compensation, the paper established a mathematic model for the calculation of the losses of the power generation of the hydropower stations and amount of irrigation. An example is given to illustrate these models.
中文关键词	应急调水 ; 经济补偿 ; 水权 ; 制度创新
英文关键词	Emergent water dispatch Economic compensation Water rights Institutional innovation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1988460
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/207101
作者单位	1.西安理工大学水电学院, 西安, 陕西 710048, 中国; 2.中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100044, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孔珂,解建仓,张春玲,等. 黄河应急调水经济补偿制度初探[J],2005,27(3):111-116.
APA	孔珂,解建仓,张春玲,&阮本清.(2005).黄河应急调水经济补偿制度初探.资源科学,27(3),111-116.
MLA	孔珂,et al."黄河应急调水经济补偿制度初探".资源科学 27.3(2005):111-116.