干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 旱作农田不同结构垄作的生态生产效益研究

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	旱作农田不同结构垄作的生态生产效益研究
其他题名	Research on Ecological and Productive Functions of Ridge Tillage with Different Structures in Semi-arid Area
	刘目兴; 王静爱; 刘连友; 盖永芹
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2005
卷号	19 期号:6 页码:114-118
中文摘要	垄作是沙区旱作农田常用的集水抗旱耕作技术.通过野外试验,对油菜生长季内不同结构的垄作与平作下土壤水分和地上生物量进行了动态观测,并对油菜理论产量和实际产量进行了分析.结果表明,垄作下土壤耕作层水分含量比平作下增加了3.5 %～12.2 %.垄作还降低了生长季内土壤含水量的波动幅度,改变了其垂直分布,使湿润锋位于耕作层,有利于油菜对土壤水分的吸收,对缓解干旱对作物生长的胁迫有积极作用.对生长季内油菜干物质的累积速率、生长季末地上生物量、单株角果数及千粒重比较,垄作均高于平作.但结构不合理的垄作下植株密度的降低会导致油菜实际产量和理论产量低于平作.而垄高25 cm、垄沟比1/24的垄作不仅具有集水抗旱的生态效益,而且较其它结构的垄作及平作更能促进油菜生长和产量的提高,是旱作农田油菜种植较为适宜的耕作方式.
英文摘要	Ridge tillage is a kind of conservation tillage for water harvesting and drought resistance, which is used widely in the rainfed cropland of the semi-arid sandy areas. Through field test of rape planting, the seasonal dynamic variation of soil moisture and aboveground biomass under flat tillage and ridge tillage with different structures were observed, and the theoretical and real yields of rape were also analyzed. The results indicate that compared with flat tillage, ridge tillage increased soil moisture of the plow layer between 3. 5% and 12. 2% , decreased its fluctuation in the growing season of rape, altered its distribution in the perpendicular profile, and located wetting front in the plow layer, which were convenient for the rape to absorb soil moisture and were positive to alleviate drought stress on rape growth. During the telophase of rape growing season, accumulated rate of dry matter, aboveground biomass, the number of pods per plant and TKW under ridge tillage were larger than flat tillage. However, the lower plant density under ridge tillage with unreasonable structure may cause the decrease of theoretical and real yields of rape. With 25 cm high, 1/24 the ratio between ridge height and furrow width, ridge tillage T4 not only had the ecological function of harvesting water and resisting drought disaster, but also enhanced the growth and yield of the rape more obviously. So it is a kind of more suitable cultivation method for rape plant in the semi-arid area.
中文关键词	垄作 ; 土壤水分 ; 地上生物量 ; 理论产量 ; 旱作农田
英文关键词	ridge tillage soil moisture aboveground biomass theoretical yield rainfed cropland
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2130781
来源机构	北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/206657
作者单位	北京师范大学, 环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室, 北京 100875, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘目兴,王静爱,刘连友,等. 旱作农田不同结构垄作的生态生产效益研究[J]. 北京师范大学,2005,19(6):114-118.
APA	刘目兴,王静爱,刘连友,&盖永芹.(2005).旱作农田不同结构垄作的生态生产效益研究.水土保持学报,19(6),114-118.
MLA	刘目兴,et al."旱作农田不同结构垄作的生态生产效益研究".水土保持学报 19.6(2005):114-118.