干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响

Arid

	贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响
其他题名	Effects of landuse types on restoration of soil quality on karst rocky desertification region in Guizhou Province
	龙健 1; 邓启琼 1; 江新荣 1; 李阳兵 1; 姚斌 2
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2005
卷号	25 期号:12 页码:3188-3195
中文摘要	喀斯特石漠化是一种与脆弱生态环境和人类活动相关联的土地退化过程，土地利用方式和人为生产经营活动方式及干扰程度对石漠化土壤质量的恢复和重建有明显影响。研究结果表明：林地、草地的有机质、全P和全K含量最高，分别是果树地和坡耕地的2.3、2．1、1．5倍和1．7、1．9、1．3倍，全氮量以草地最高，分别是其它利用方式的1．2～2．8倍，农地有机质含量仅次于林地和草地，石漠化地土壤营养元素最低。果树地和林地的微生物以细菌为主，分别占微生物总量的69．7％和73．3％，草地以固N菌为绝对优势，占微生物总数的33．0％，农地的放线菌多于草地、林地、果树地和坡耕地，石漠化地土壤微生物数量和多样性最低。经开垦利用后（坡耕地），喀斯特山区表层土壤颗粒砂化逐渐明显。石漠化区经过13a退耕还林后，植物多样性指数和均匀度分别由0．96和0．29提高了1．92和0．53，优势度由0．75降到0．36。采用合适的土地利用方式，辅于必要的生物措施，是恢复喀斯特石漠化地区土壤质量的有效途径之一。
英文摘要	Karst rocky desertification is a process of land degradation processes correlated with vulnerable eco-geology background and human activities. This study was carried out in Ziyun county of Guizhou Province during peridos of 2001-2003, in order to reveal the mutual relationships between the different land use and management and restoration of soil quality on karst rocky desertification area. Soil samples,selected for degree of different landuse types. Composited samples consisting of seventy three subsample-plots were collected from the top 0- 20cm of soil. Soil phyical and chemical characteristics were measured for various landuse types in the research region, including forestland, cropland, fruit orchard, grassland, sloping cropland, abandoned field and defertification land. The soil characteristics measured include soil texture, soil nutritious elements and soil microbical diversity comparatively. The investigation of vegetation community was carried out on the rocky desertification area and defarming -reafforestation area with defferent abandoned years, respectively. This paper focuses on the restoration of soil quality on the karst rocky desertification area by human disturbances such as landuse type and production activity. There are significant differences in soil texture, soil fertility and soil microbial diversity for different landuse types. In the forestland and grassland, the soil organic matter, total phosphorus and total potassium are the highest among the investigated landuse types, they are 2.3 times, 2.1 times, 1.5 times as that of fruit orchard respectively, and 1.7 times, 1.9 times, 1.3 times of that of sloping cropland respectively. Total nitrogen in grassland is 1.2- 2.8 times of that of other landuse types, which is the highest among them. The organic matter in the cropland is just lower than that in the forestland and grassland. In the fruit orchard and forestland, the dominant soil microbes are bacteria, which occupy 69.7% and 73.3% of the total microbes respectively. In grassland, the dominant ones are nitrogen fixing bacteria, which account to 33.0% of total soil mieobes. The number of aetinomyees in cropland is more than that in grassland, forestland, fruit orchard, sloping cropland. The nutritive elements and microbial diverstiy in rocky desertification land are lowest among all the landuse types. The surface soil layer sandifieation is more evident after the reclamation, the more intensive land utilization, the more serious the destruction on soil aggregate structure. At the initial stage of developing and using rocky desertifieation land, the species diversity index,community evenness and dominance of plant communities are 0. 96, 0.29 and 0. 75 respectively, But after 13 year defarming-reafforestation, the species diversity index and evenness index increase to 1.92 and 0.53 respectively, while dominance index decreases to 0.36. The changes of landuse types have the dominant influence on secondary vegetation and their soil seed banks. Therefore, Those results confirmed that the proper biological measures and the essential engineering measures are effective methods to recover soil quality in rocky desertifieation region of Guizhou karst mountain.
中文关键词	喀斯特石漠化 ; 土地利用方式 ; 土壤质量 ; 恢复
英文关键词	karst rocky desertification landuse type soil quality restoration
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2174275
来源机构	贵州师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/206562
作者单位	1.贵州师范大学资源与环境科学系, 贵阳, 贵州 550001, 中国; 2.中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 北京 100091, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	龙健,邓启琼,江新荣,等. 贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响[J]. 贵州师范大学,2005,25(12):3188-3195.
APA	龙健,邓启琼,江新荣,李阳兵,&姚斌.(2005).贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响.生态学报,25(12),3188-3195.
MLA	龙健,et al."贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响".生态学报 25.12(2005):3188-3195.