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	基于生态水文学原理的湖泊最小生态需水量计算
其他题名	Eco-hydrology-based calculation of the minimum ecological water requirement for lakes
	崔保山; 赵翔; 杨志峰
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2005
卷号	25 期号:7 页码:1788-1795
中文摘要	近几十年来,由于人类活动的加剧以及全球气候的变化,湖白普遍出现了萎缩、水位下降、水量锐减、湖水盐化、水质污染、富营养化、甚至干涸消亡等状况.确保湖泊生态系统必需的最小水量是解决可能出现的湖泊严重水资源和生态系统危机的区域问题之一.从生态水文学原理出发,对湖泊最小生态需水量的概念进行了探讨,并提出了计算最小生态需水量的3种方法:①曲线相关法;②功能法;③最低生态水位法.在最低生态水位法中,其方法有最低年平均水位法和年保证率设定法.一旦湖泊最小生态需水量得以确定,将为水资源管理部门的水资源合理配置和湖泊管理提供综合性、权威性及可操作性决策依据,为退化湖泊生态系统的恢复与重建提供科学基础.
英文摘要	In the past several decades, people unilaterally emphasize the exploitation of lakes arid ignore the frangibility of the ecosystems. A large quantity of unreasonable exploitation activities have emerged, such as land reclamation surrounding lakes, serious loss of the vegetation, irrational building of the hydraulic engineering, insufficient water allocation for ecological purpose in the water resources planning, discharge of the waste water from industry and agriculture, and so on. Therefore, lakes have been facing a number of disadvantageous eco-environmental issues due to the aggravation of human activities and the global climate change, such as shrinkage of areas, descent of water level, reduction of water quantity? salinization of lakes, water pollution, water eutrophication, dried-up and die out of lakes, etc.The minimum ecological water requirement is the necessary water demand to keep lake ecosystems harmonious and stable. The decrease of the ecological water demand will affect the dynamic equilibrium of the lake ecosystems and the normal exertion of its function. Therefore, The guarantee of the minimum ecological water requirement is necessary to solve problems about serious water shortage and crisis of eco-environmental systems in the lakes. According to the principles of eco-hydrology. this paper inquires into the concept about the minimum ecological water requirement of lakes, and puts forward the following calculation methods: a), curvilinear correlation method; b), function method 5 c), the lowest ecological water level method. Curvilinear correlation method makes use of the correlation of the water and its ecological function to detenmine the minimum ecological water demand of the lake ecosystems; its assumption is that is the critical value of the water ecological demand thewater quantity when a catastrophe occurs in the lake ecosystems. For the function method, the minimum ecological water demand is determined based on the function of water resource and quantity of water. The function method is based on the theory of ecology, hydrology, zoology and botany. For the lowest ecological water level method, the minimum ecological water demand is determined based on the correlation of lake area and water level, and determination of the lowest ecological water level is the key factor for this method. This paper puts forward two methods from the view of eco-hydrology. They are the lowest annual average water level method and annual guaranteed frequency method. Finally, this paper compares the different calculation methods and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each method as well as its suitable objects. Once the minimum ecological water requirement of a lake is determined, it will provide omnibus, authentic and operational decision-making support for water resources department to manage, plan and allocate water resources. It will also provide scientific basis for the rehabilitation and restoration of the degraded lake ecosystems.
中文关键词	湖泊 ; 最小生态需水量 ; 计算方法 ; 生态水文学
英文关键词	hikes the minimum ecological water requirement calculating method eco-hydrology
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2091395
来源机构	北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/206537
作者单位	北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	崔保山,赵翔,杨志峰. 基于生态水文学原理的湖泊最小生态需水量计算[J]. 北京师范大学,2005,25(7):1788-1795.
APA	崔保山,赵翔,&杨志峰.(2005).基于生态水文学原理的湖泊最小生态需水量计算.生态学报,25(7),1788-1795.
MLA	崔保山,et al."基于生态水文学原理的湖泊最小生态需水量计算".生态学报 25.7(2005):1788-1795.