干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黑河流域树木液流秋末冬初的峰值现象

Arid

	黑河流域树木液流秋末冬初的峰值现象
其他题名	Peak phenomenon of sapflow in late autumn to early winter in Heihe River Basin, Northwest China
	陈仁升; 康尔泗; 张智慧; 赵文智; 金博文; 宋克超
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2005
卷号	25 期号:5 页码:1221-1228
中文摘要	应用3套综合环境观测系统,分别布设在黑河上游祁连山区、中游绿洲边缘和下游荒漠河岸林系统,对青海云杉、樟子松、二白杨、白榆、沙枣和胡杨液流量进行了长期观测,最长观测时间为2002年夏季到2005年初.观测结果表明,不管是常绿树种还是落叶树种,树木液流量均会在秋末冬初出现一个峰值,而此时中下游地区的峰值大于夏季.出现这个峰值的时间,正是当地落叶树种的落叶期,也是生长季节向非生长季节过渡的特殊时期,在这个特殊的生长阶段,北半球中高纬度四季分明地区现有的不同树种的观测结果均表明,有这样一个峰值的存在,但在峰值相对大小上有差异.不同地区的观测结果表明,司一地点不同树种液流量大的周期波动具有一致性,而不同地点同一树种大的周期波动互异,这种大的周期波动与当地气候环境条件有关,我国西北干旱区出现秋末冬初液流量大于生长季节的现象,正是由于当地恶劣的气候环境条件所造成的.秋未冬初出现的液流量峰值现象,类似动物冬眠前的准备,是树木为应对严寒的冬季和漫长的早春而采取的生理措施.
英文摘要	Sapflow has been measured at three sites in the Heihe river basin, which is one of the largest inland rivers in the arid region of northwest China. In this area water resources are limited, so knowledge of vegetation water use, both the timing and amount, is needed to better estimate the regional water balance. One site was located in each of the upper, middle and lower reaches. At the upper reach site, Xishui (38°32. 2’N ,100°17’E ,2731m, annual precipitation is about 435.5mm) four Tsinghai Spruce trees (Picea crassifnlia) were measured. At the middle reach site, an oasis shelter forest at Linze (39°21’N,100"7. 8’E, 1382m, annual precipitation is of 115mm) the three dominate tree species Mongol Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin ) , White elm (Ulntus pumila) and Gansu Poplar (Popuius gansuensis C. Wang et H. L. Yang) were measured. The lower reach site is located in the lowland desert at Ejinaqi (42°01’N,101°14’E, 920m, annual precipitation is of 39mm) where Euphrates Poplar (Popuius e.uphratica Oliv. ) and the Russia olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn. ) were measured. At the three sites ENVIS System (IMKO) were installed to measure microclimate variables, soil moisture and sapflow every half an hour. Sapflow was measured at 1. 3m above ground level for each selected tree, and the measuring principle was the heat dissipation method. The measurements at all sites were made daily, from summer 2002 to Winter 2004. The results at the three sites showed that, peak sapflow occurred in late autumn to early winter. At both the Linze and Ejinaqi sites, this peak was larger than the sapflow measured in the growing season, no matter if the tree was deciduous or not. For deciduous trees peak sapflow occurred during the transition between the growlh period and non-growth season. The results of different tree species from mid to high latitudes in north hemisphere, where the four seasons are experienced clearly show that, there peak sapflow occurred in this special period. However, the ratio of sapflow in this special period to the sapflow in growth season was different in different places. The large volume of water trees absorb in this special period was of course not used for transpiration. It is likely used to meet requirements during the cold winter and in the following early spring, and this phenomenon liked the preparations of animals for winter sleep. All the research results showed that the fluctuations of sapflow of different Iree species were similar, to some extent, at the same site. While results were dissimilar for same tree species at the different sites. The fluctuations of sapflow were mainly affected by the local climate or/and the soil water, that was, the environmental factors. The phenomenon that the sapflow in late autumn to early winter was larger than the sapflow in the growing season in the Arid Regions of Northwest China, were possibly caused by the local harsh environment, especially the lack of soil water content in summer.
中文关键词	黑河 ; 液流量 ; 峰值 ; 气候条件
英文关键词	sapflow peak value climate
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ECOLOGY ; PLANT SCIENCES ; FORESTRY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Plant Sciences ; Forestry
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2036272
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/206526
作者单位	中科院寒区旱区环境与工程所, 中科院寒旱区流域水文及应用生态实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈仁升,康尔泗,张智慧,等. 黑河流域树木液流秋末冬初的峰值现象[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2005,25(5):1221-1228.
APA	陈仁升,康尔泗,张智慧,赵文智,金博文,&宋克超.(2005).黑河流域树木液流秋末冬初的峰值现象.生态学报,25(5),1221-1228.
MLA	陈仁升,et al."黑河流域树木液流秋末冬初的峰值现象".生态学报 25.5(2005):1221-1228.