干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 西北高寒民族地区生态环境问题及农牧业发展 --以甘南藏族自治州为例

Arid

	西北高寒民族地区生态环境问题及农牧业发展 --以甘南藏族自治州为例
其他题名	Eco-environmental Problems and Livestock Farming and Agricultural Development in High Cold Minority Area: A Case Study of Gannan Tibet Autonomous Prefecture
	李志刚; 段焕娥
来源期刊	地理科学
ISSN	1000-0690
出版年	2005
卷号	25 期号:5 页码:551-555
中文摘要	甘南藏族自治州是江河上游重要水源涵养区和生态屏障.草场"三化"严重,森林遭到破坏,水资源日益紧张,生物多样性锐减,水土流失加剧.其原因主要是脆弱的自然环境基础上,人类对自然资源不合理利用的结果.生态恶化严重制约着农牧业的发展.生态建设和农牧业发展,必须贯彻可持续发展战略,树立生态经济思想,追求生态效益和经济效益有机结合,探索符合高寒生态规律的资源利用方式和地域农牧业体系.最后,从治理草场"三化"、建设牲畜集中育肥基地、建立有效的生态建设机制、依靠科技、调整农牧业地域结构、发展特色农牧业和推动产业化与城镇化进程等6个方面,提出了对策建议.
英文摘要	Gannan Tibet autonomous prefecture is situated in the southwest part of Gansu Province and the transi-tion zone among Tibet Plateau, Loess plateau and west Qinling Mountains, where the average altitude is 3 000 m. It has an area of 45,000 km2 and a population of 670,000. The area is an important water resources conser-ving area and an ecological protective screen area in upper reaches of Yangtze and Yellow rivers. However, there are many serious eco-environmental problems in this area at the present time: the fearful degeneration, desertifi-cation and salinization of grasslands, the tremendous forest destruction by human hag, and subsequent low forest coverage, the obvious shortage of water resources, the quick decrease of bio-diversity, and the increasing water and soil erosion. All of these are caused by both natural and human factors. Facing above problems, it is neces-sary for sustainable developmental strategy and eco-economic idea to be established in human economic activity of the area so as to combine ecological efficiency organically with economic efficiency, and to search for a rational resources utilization ways and a locality livestock farming and agriculture development model which would well a-dapt to local ecological laws. Thus the corresponding countermeasures to this area are suggested as follows: (1) controlling eco-environments by laying stress on managing the degeneration, desertification and salinization of grasslands, and implementing enclosure treatment and rotational grazing in pasturing region; (2 ) utilizing the lo-cal forage and grass resources reasonably by building and collocating some livestock fattening bases; ( 3 ) innova-ting the institution of grassland use and livestock farming management by advancing grassland circulation through the forms of subcontract, rent, sublet, exchange and co-management, promoting grassland and livestock to be transferred to people or groups who well understand the livestock farming technology and management method, enlarging livestock farming management scale, and founding an effectual ecological construction mechanism; (4) enhancing the scientific and technological contents for eco-environmental construction and livestock farming and agriculture development by developing and introducing some applicable technology such as selection and breeding of superior species for livestock, control of rodent damage and insect pest, and the grass-crop rotation system in soil and water loss region. (5 ) adjusting traditional territorial structure of agriculture and optimizing land use form according to spatial ecology differentiation regularity; (6) exploiting superiors resources to develop special livestock farming and agriculture, pushing forward the process of rural urbanization and the industrialization for livestock farming and agriculture.
中文关键词	高寒民族地区 ; 草场"三化" ; 生态经济 ; 特色农牧业
英文关键词	high cold minority area the degeneration desertification and salinization of grasslands eco-econo-my special livestock farming and agriculture
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOGRAPHY
WOS研究方向	Geography
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2028570
来源机构	西北师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205993
作者单位	西北师范大学软科学研究中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李志刚,段焕娥. 西北高寒民族地区生态环境问题及农牧业发展 --以甘南藏族自治州为例[J]. 西北师范大学,2005,25(5):551-555.
APA	李志刚,&段焕娥.(2005).西北高寒民族地区生态环境问题及农牧业发展 --以甘南藏族自治州为例.地理科学,25(5),551-555.
MLA	李志刚,et al."西北高寒民族地区生态环境问题及农牧业发展 --以甘南藏族自治州为例".地理科学 25.5(2005):551-555.