干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析

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	新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析
其他题名	Study on the Soil Physicochemical Characteristics of Biological Crusts on Sand-Dune Surface in Gurbantunggtut Desert, Xinjiang Region
	李卫红1 ; 任天瑞 2; 周智彬 1; 刘加珍 1
来源期刊	冰川冻土
ISSN	1000-0240
出版年	2005
卷号	27 期号:4 页码:619-626
中文摘要	古尔班通古特沙漠是我国第二大沙漠, 广泛发育着地衣、苔藓和藻类等生物结皮, 其分布状况与其自身生理生态特点和所处沙丘部位的环境条件密切联系着. 结合野外调查和实验室样品分析结果, 讨论了沙丘不同部位土壤理化性质与生物结皮分布、发育的关系. 结果表明: 不同类型生物结皮在沙丘上的分布和发育状况是不同的, 从沙丘顶部的流动或半流动沙面上到沙丘两坡的中部、下部以及丘间低地, 生物结皮的分布依次为微生物种类、藻类结皮、地衣结皮和苔藓结皮, 从沙丘上部、中部至沙丘底部及丘间, 生物结皮的类型、厚度及发育程度呈增强态势. 生物结皮在沙丘不同部位的发育特点和分异变化与沙丘不同地貌部位的土壤理化性状、地表基质稳定性等生态条件有着密切的关系.
英文摘要	Well-developed biological crusts cover the Gurbantunggtiit Desert, the largest fixed and semi-fixed desert in China. The formation, spe-cies and distribution of the crusts are closely relat-ed to the environmental conditions of the position of sand dunes. According to field investigations and laboratory analyses, the relationship between physicochemical characteristics of soils and the dis-tribution and development of the biological crusts on sand-dune surfaces in Gurbantiinggtut Desert were analyzed. It is demonstrated that the medium sand and finer materials are dominant in the sur-face material composition in the study area. At the upper part of the sand-dune slopes, the proportion of medium sand is dominant, accounting for 37. 44% of the total area; at the middle part of the dune slopes, the proportions of medium sand, fine sand and extremely fine sand are dominant; and at the lower part of the dune slopes and on the inter - dune lowlands, the proportions of fine sand and extremely fine sand are dominant. Soil moisture content is high in spring, and is obviously low but is stable in summer. Soil moisture content of the dune varies significantly with position and depth. At the upper part of the dune slopes, the highest soil moisture content occurs at a depth of 10~20 cm, but it occurs at depths of 5~10 cm and 2~5 cm at the middle and lower parts of the dune slopes, respectively. In the Gurbantunggtiit Des-ert, the content of soluble salts in soil is low, with the lowest at the upper part of the dune slopes, and increasing significantly from the middle part to the lower part of the dune slopes and to the inter-dune lowlands. Soil organic matter content increa-ses obviously from the middle part to the lower part of the dune slopes and to the inter-dune low-lands, where the highest value occurs in the topsoil of 0 - 5 cm, which is related to the environmental conditions and the activity of animalcules in the formation of microbiotic crusts. Depending on the physicochemical characteristics of soils and envi-ronment conditions of a sand dune, the develop-ment and distribution of biological crust vary with the type of the sand dunes. The microorganism crust mainly distributes on the surface of the drif-ting or semi-drifting sand dune. From the top to foot of a sand dune, there occurs the algae crust. From the lower slopes to the inter-dune area, the lichen crust, which is a dominant type of biological crusts in this desert, becomes rich and well devel-oped. The inter-dune areas have the richest biolog-ical crusts that comprise of both lichen and moss species. The development and differentiation of the types of biological crusts are closely related to the physicochemical characteristics of soils and the sta-bility of topsoil texture of the dunes.
中文关键词	生物结皮 ; 分布特点 ; 土壤理化性质 ; 古尔班通古特沙漠
英文关键词	biological crust distribution characteristics physicochemical characteristics of soils Gurbantunggtiit Desert
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:2015312
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205927
作者单位	1.中国科学院,新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.中国科学院过程与工程研究所, 北京 100012, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李卫红,任天瑞,周智彬,等. 新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2005,27(4):619-626.
APA	李卫红,任天瑞,周智彬,&刘加珍.(2005).新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析.冰川冻土,27(4),619-626.
MLA	李卫红,et al."新疆古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的土壤理化性质分析".冰川冻土 27.4(2005):619-626.