干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化及其环境效应

Arid

	内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化及其环境效应
其他题名	Land Use Change and Its Environmental Effects in the Farming-Pasturing Interlocked Areas of Inner Mongolia
	战金艳 1; 邓祥征 1; 岳天祥 1; 包玉海 2; 赵涛 1; 马胜男 1
来源期刊	资源科学
ISSN	1007-7588
出版年	2004
卷号	26 期号:5 页码:80-88
中文摘要	农牧交错带以其典型的生态脆弱性特征与生产经营上的农牧过渡性特点受到了国内外学者的广泛关注.内蒙古农牧交错带在人口增长与环境恶化的双重胁迫下,土地利用方式与程度发生了深刻变化,并由此引发了一系列的环境问题.该文利用20世纪80年代后期与90年代后期的美国陆地卫星遥感数据,分析了内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化的特征.研究发现,10年间,交错带的用地类型变化主要体现为耕地的扩展以及林地、草地和未利用土地的收缩.土地利用变化过程,尤其是现代强度开发利用过程,引起了内蒙古农牧交错带生态系统结构和功能的整体演化,主要表现在:由于部分地区的土地利用方式由以放牧为主转变为以农耕为主,土地利用的强度不断加大,使草原环境日趋恶化,出现了草地沙化、草地质量下降及其第二性生产力转化率低下、草地生物多样性减少与草原生态系统整体功能下降的特征.与此同时,农区环境也出现了不断恶化的趋势,天然森林植被的退化十分严重,森林被大量砍伐,出现了比较明显的林地向耕地转移的趋势.沙漠化面积的不断扩大,土地利用程度的加剧,导致了有限水资源的超量开采,使沼泽与湿地面积持续萎缩,湿地生态系统结构不断发生演替.
英文摘要	The land-use change of fanning-pasturing interlocked areas, characterized by ecologically fragile and shifts in agricultural production from fanning to pasturing, is more and more concerned by scholars, Affected by the increase of population as well as environmental degradation, great changes haven taken place in the structure and intensity of land use in the farming-pasturing interlocked areas of Inner Mongolia, which further has resulted in a series of environment crises. Satellite imagery is a principal way by which land use change can be detected. Satellite remote sensing, in conjunction with geographic information systems (GIS), has been widely applied and been recognized as a powerful and effective tool in detecting land use change. Supported by the technologies of remote sensing and GIS, this paper generalized the main characteristics of land use change based on the interoperation information of Landsat-TM data in 1990 and 2000 respectively covering the farming-pasturing interlocked areas of Inner Mongolia, and found that the arable land continued the trend of expansion with a relative high speed at the cost of the severe loss of forest land, grass land and the unused land. Land use change has triggered a series of Domino effects to regional and global environment. Due to the transition of pasturing mode to farming mode in land use activities, the grassland ecosystem has been deteriorated seriously characterized by the severe desertification of grassland, decline of grass qualities, decrease of biodiversity and so on. Apart from that, with the increase of land-use intensity, the physical environment of fanning areas has also been influenced and the quality of farmland begins to decrease. The disafforestation has lead directly to the degradation of forest vegetation as well as the loss of water resources. The reclamation of wetland has led to the over exploitation of water resources, the shrinkage of wetland areas and the change of ecosystem structure in the farming-pasturing interlocked areas of Inner Mongolia of China.
中文关键词	农牧交错带 ; 土地利用 ; 土地利用变化 ; 环境效应 ; 内蒙古 ; 遥感
英文关键词	Farming-pasturing interlocked areas Land use Land use change Environmental effect Inner Mongolia Remote sensing
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS POLICY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1579145
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205857
作者单位	1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101, 中国; 2.内蒙古师范大学, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010022, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	战金艳,邓祥征,岳天祥,等. 内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化及其环境效应[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2004,26(5):80-88.
APA	战金艳,邓祥征,岳天祥,包玉海,赵涛,&马胜男.(2004).内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化及其环境效应.资源科学,26(5),80-88.
MLA	战金艳,et al."内蒙古农牧交错带土地利用变化及其环境效应".资源科学 26.5(2004):80-88.