干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析

Arid

	科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析
其他题名	Analyses on Driving Factors to Sandy Desertification Process in Horqin Region,
	王涛1 ; 吴薇 2; 赵哈林3 ; 胡孟春 4; 赵爱国 3
来源期刊	中国沙漠
ISSN	1000-694X
出版年	2004
卷号	24 期号:5 页码:519-528
中文摘要	基于近50a科尔沁地区沙漠化土地发展-再发展-逆转的时空变化的研究结果,以气候波动和人类活动变化作为主驱动因子,探讨现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素的作用.近40多年气候的波动在一定程度上直接地通过不同时期的降水-温度组合影响着沙漠化的进程,间接地通过人类对气候波动的响应而产生的经济活动来加速沙漠化的进程.尽管科尔沁地区的气候驱动因子呈现出有利于沙漠化发展过程的趋势,但在近10多年来,这种驱动力的作用被有利于沙漠化逆转过程的驱动力所抵消.人类活动是研究区沙漠化过程中更加活跃的驱动因子,体现在土地利用方式的转变和强度的增加,以及由此而产生的对自然植被群落毁灭性的破坏而加速了沙漠化的进程.以土壤风蚀为例,这种加速可以是自然条件下的4～10倍;随着沙漠化程度的加剧,所产生的在土壤养分、生物多样性和生物生产量等方面退化的加速也与自然条件下的情况相差3～10倍以上.同样是人类活动,在合理的土地利用、采取各种沙漠化防治措施的情况下,又可使沙漠化过程逆转.从这一点上来说,人为驱动因素应是起绝对主导作用的.
英文摘要	Based on the changes of temporal-spatial distribution of sandy desertified lands for the last 50 years, which had been in a process of expanded and reversed in the Horqin Region of China, the climatic variation and human activity have been taken as the major driving factors to discussed their impact on the process of sandy desertification. The climatic variations for last 40 years have affected directly the process of sandy desertification by different compounding model of temperature and precipitation in different decades, and affected indirectly the process by the human economic activities responded its variations. The climatic driving factor has presented the trend in favor of the desertification development in the region, but for last 10 years such function had been counteracted by the other function that was propitious to desertification reversion.The human activity is the much more active factor to the process of sandy desertification which mainly incarnates on the changes of the landuse fashion (from rangeland to farmland) and enhance of landuse inten-sity (overcultivation, over-grazing and over-fuel collection). The fatal destruction to natural vegetation by human activities had accelerated the development of desertification. Take soil wind erosion as example, such human impact can increase wind erosion by 4 to 10 times contrasted with natural one. Along with the aggra-vation of desertification degree, the acceleration of degradation on soil nutrient, bio-diversity and bio-production can be 3 to 10 times or more contrasted with natural process. The human activities can reverse the sandy desertification depend on the reasonable landuse and adopting varied prevention and cure measure for combating desertification. From this point, one can say that the human driving factor play absolutely role on the process of desertification. So we would like to define the sandy desertification is that a land degradation characterized by wind erosion mainly resulted from the excessive human activities in arid, semiarid and part of sub-humid regions in North China
中文关键词	沙漠化过程 ; 人类作用 ; 驱动因素 ; 科尔沁地区
英文关键词	process of sandy desertification human impact driving factor Horqin Region North China
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1657329
来源机构	北京大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205764
作者单位	1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 2.北京大学,环境工程系, 北京 100871, 中国; 3.中国科学院,寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 4.国家环境保护总局南京环境南京环境科学研究所, 南京, 江苏 210042, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王涛,吴薇,赵哈林,等. 科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析[J]. 北京大学,2004,24(5):519-528.
APA	王涛,吴薇,赵哈林,胡孟春,&赵爱国.(2004).科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析.中国沙漠,24(5),519-528.
MLA	王涛,et al."科尔沁地区现代沙漠化过程的驱动因素分析".中国沙漠 24.5(2004):519-528.