干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 南水北调对海河流域水生态环境影响分析

Arid

	南水北调对海河流域水生态环境影响分析
其他题名	Analysis of effect of South-to-North Water Transfer Project on aquatic ecosystems of Haihe River Basin
	裴源生; 王建华; 罗琳
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2004
卷号	24 期号:10 页码:2115-2123
中文摘要	提出可定量分析研究流域水循环变化对水生态环境影响的关联分析方法,并对海河流域现状进行了关联分析和和评价.分析研究表明人类对水资源的过度开发利用已改变了海河流域的天然水循环并导致水生态环境全面退化.进一步对未来无南水北调和有南水北调的情况进行定量模拟计算,结果表明在无南水北调的情况下,未来海河流域将处于无法兼顾发展经济和保护生态环境的困境;在实施南水北调的情况下,水资源可支撑海河流域经济发展并影响和改善整个流域的水循环状态,从整体上遏制海河流域水生态环境恶化的趋势,但入海水量仍无法改善.
英文摘要	The aquatic ecosystems are closely correlated with the water cycle in a river basin. The large-scale water resources and utilization in the Haihe River basin have altered the natural water cycle, thus resulting in the overall degradation of the aquatic ecosystems in the river basin. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project may transfer water from the Yangtze River to the Haihe River basin, thus increasing flux of the water cycle and influencing the ecosystems in the river basin. This paper develops a method of correlation analysis of water cycle and aquatic ecosystems in a river basin on the basis of the river basin as an independent spatial unit and yearly time span. First of all, water inflows into the unit (including the local water resources, water transferred from other river basins and exploitation of deep groundwater), total changes of water storages in the unit (including changes of the reservoirs/lakes storages and the shallow groundwater storages.) and water consumptions by the unit (including flows to the sea, socioeconomic water consumptions and non-socioeconomic water consumptions that may be classified as consumptive water uses by the aquatic ecosystems in water systems and the consumptive water uses by the aquatic ecosystems on lands) are analyzed to make the water cycle, that is, water balance clear. Then, the relations of components of the water cycle with the aquatic ecosystems are studied as (i) a minus value of the average annual change of the groundwater storage indicates groundwater overdraft with such ecological problems as land desertification, land surface subsidence seawater encroachment! (ii) reductions in the consumptive water uses by the aquatic ecosystems in water systems and the consumptive water uses by the aquatic ecosystems on lands, especially the former may bring about such ecological problems as drying-up of rivers, reduction of lake areas and disappearance of wetlands; and (iii) reduction in flows to the sea may bring about such ecological problems as higher salt concentration than usual at estuary, slowing rise of temperature and sediment accumulation. Based on the above analyses, a mathematical model of correlation of water cycle with aquatic ecosystems in a river basin was formulated to calculate the water cycle in the Haihe River basin in each year by applying the historical data to evaluate the the groundwater storage become minus, thus implying severe groundwater overdraft, and in case of a dry year, the water consumptions are considerably reduced mainly because of reduction in the non-socioeconomic water consumptions, that is, ecological water consumptions, thus implying severe ecological degradation. The model was applied for the analyses of four scenarios under the conditions with and without the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. In the scenario I, without the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and continuing the current pattern of the water resources development and utilization, the socioeconomic water consumptions are increased to support the socioeconomic development, but the water consumptions by the aquatic ecosystems are not increased, thus resulting in severe groundwater overdraft and sharp reduction in flows to the sea. Therefore, the regional ecosystems tend to collapse. In the scenario II, without the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and with the focus on the ecological protection, as the groundwater overdraft stopped and the aquatic ecosystems in water systems fairly improved, the overall ecology is improved although the flows to the sea further decreases. As the socioeconomic water consumptions reduced, thus resulting in economic losses, the regional socioeconomic development may retrogress. In the scenario III, with the alternative of low water transfer by the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the groundwater overdraft is stopped, the targets of the water consumptions by the aquatic ecosystems in water systems are achieved, and water requirements of the socioeconomic development are basically met. However, the flows to the sea are reduced. In the scenario IV, with the alternative of high water transfer by the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the flows to the sea are slightly increased, and, as compared with the scenario III, the water requirements of the socioeconomic development are further met. In conclusion, the aquatic ecosystems in the Haihe River basin may be significantly restored and improved in case the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is commissioned.
中文关键词	南水北调 ; 流域水循环 ; 水生态环境 ; 关联分析
英文关键词	South-to-North water transfer water cycle water environment interrelated analysis
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENGINEERING MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Engineering
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1645708
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205381
作者单位	中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所, 北京 100044, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	裴源生,王建华,罗琳. 南水北调对海河流域水生态环境影响分析[J],2004,24(10):2115-2123.
APA	裴源生,王建华,&罗琳.(2004).南水北调对海河流域水生态环境影响分析.生态学报,24(10),2115-2123.
MLA	裴源生,et al."南水北调对海河流域水生态环境影响分析".生态学报 24.10(2004):2115-2123.