干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 科尔沁沙地31种1年生植物萌发特性比较研究

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	科尔沁沙地31种1年生植物萌发特性比较研究
其他题名	A comparative of seed germination for 31 annual species of the Horqin steppe
	刘志民 1; 李雪华 1; 李荣平 1; 蒋德明 1; 曹成有 2; 常学礼 3
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2004
卷号	24 期号:3 页码:648-653
中文摘要	在实验室条件下观测了科尔沁沙地乌兰敖都地区1年生植物当年新采种子的萌发特点。在31种植物中，7种植物包括大籽蒿、虎尾草、冠芒草、刺沙蓬、曼陀罗、龙葵、地锦的发芽率超过80％，9种植物包括苍耳、水稗草、狗尾草、虱子草、沙米、灰绿藜、野西瓜苗、太阳花、鹤虱的发芽率不足10％。1～3d开始发芽的18种植物包括大籽蒿、黄蒿、虎尾草、毛马唐、画眉草、冠芒草、野大豆、黄花草木樨、网果葫芦巴、沙米、雾冰藜、碱地肤、刺沙蓬、苘麻、野西瓜苗、马齿苋、苋菜、地锦。超过10d基本不发芽的5种植物包括苍耳、狗尾草、虱子草、灰绿藜、太阳花。发芽持续期小于10d的12种植物包括毛马唐、水稗草、画眉草、沙米、雾冰藜、苘麻、野西瓜苗、益母草、马齿苋、龙葵、地锦、鹤虱；发芽持续期超过21d的6种植物包括大籽蒿、黄蒿、冠芒草、黄花草木樨、刺沙蓬、碱蓬。高发芽率植物的发芽进程线显示了3种萌发格局：速萌型，包括虎尾草、地锦、曼陀罗、龙葵；缓萌型，包括刺沙蓬；中间型，包括大籽蒿、冠芒草。
英文摘要	Horqin Steppe, located in the semiarid agropastoral zone of northern China, has undergone severe desertification during the past decades with the formation of active dunes, degeneration of natural vegetation, and loss of biodiversity. In many areas annuals are major contributors to the vegetation and previous work indicates that germination characteristics have a key role in determining colonizing ability in this arid sand dune habitat. There is. however, a shortage of germination data. Accordingly, we have undertaken a major study of the annual species of Horqin Steppe. A comparison of the germination biology of many species will provide an ecological context for subsequent studies of field distribution.This paper describes the germination characteristics of annual species from sandy habitats in the Wulanaodu region of Horqin Steppe in northeastern China. For each species fifty unsterilized seeds were placed in Petri-dishes on filter paper moistened with distilled water in a growth cabinet providing visible radiation 9230 lux, over a 15-h day at 28 C and a night temperature of 16 C. This temperature regime has relevance to field conditions: it approximates to the mean daily maximum and minimum temperature in 5 cm deep soil during rainy days at Wulanaodu from May to August. There were five replicate dishes, and hence 250 seeds, for each species. Germination was recorded daily and germinated seeds, with an emergent radicle, were removed. Germination was adjudged to be complete when no further germination occurred for five successive days. The ungerminated seeds remaining were checked for viability by soaking in water at 30 C for 24h, removing the seed coats and soaking the embryos in 1 % tetrazolium chloride for 24 h at 30 C. In viable seeds embryos were stained pink. The amount of germination was then calculated as a percentage of the total number of viable seeds and rate of seed germination as the number of seeds germinating each day expressed as a percentage of the final germination. In addition we determined the number of days until the onset of germination, ^(time to 50% of final germination) and t_(90), (time to 90% of final germination).Of the 31 species examined, 7 species, Artemisia sieversiana, Chloris virgata, Datura stramonium, Euphorbia humifusa, Pappophorum boreale, Solatium nigrum and Salsola ruthenica, exceeded 80% germination, but 9 species, Xanthium sibiricum, Echinochloa hispidula , Setaria viridis, Tragus berteronianus, Agriophyllum squarrosum . Chenopodium glaucum, Hibiscus trionum, Erodium stephanianum and Lappula myosotis, had values of less than 10%. Artemisia sieversiana, A. scoparia, Chloris virgata, Digitaria ciliaris, Eragrostis pilosa-. Pappophorum boreale, Glycine soja- Melilotus suaveolens, Trigonella korshinskyi, Agriophyllum squarrosum. Bassi’a dasyphylla, Kochia sieversiana, Salsola ruthenica, Abutilon theophrasti, Hibiscus trionum, Portulaca oleracea, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Euphorbia humifusa, began to germinate within l-3days, while Xanthium sibiricum, Setaria viridis, Tragus berteronianus, Chenopodium glaucum, and Erodium stephanianum failed to germinate after 10 days. For species such as Digitaria ciliaris, Echinochloa hispidula, Eragrostis pilosa. Agriophyllum squarrosum, Bassia dasyphylla, Abutilon theophrasti, Hibiscus trionum, Leonurus japonica, Portulaca oleracea, Solatium nigrum, Euphorbia humifusa, and Lappula myosotis, the germination period was short (< 10 days) while Artemisia sieversiana, A. scoparia, Pappophorum boreale, Melilotus suaveolens, Salsola ruthenica, and Suaeda glauca germinated over a longer period (> 20 days). Species with a germination rate higher than 80% showed three germination patterns; rapid (e.g. Chloris virgata. Euphorbia humifusa. Datura stramonium and Solanum nigrum ). slow (e. g. Salsola ruthenica) and intermediate (e.g. Artemisia sieversiana and Pappophorum boreale).The experiment illustrated that the species of the sand dunes of the Horqin Steppe are heterogeneous in their germination characteristics. Nevertheless, work on some of the many other factors relating to germination (e. g. light, moisture, temperature, storage methods and burial depth) that influence germination is needed before we can fully understand the relationships between germination characteristics and field distribution.
中文关键词	1年生植物
英文关键词	annuals
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	BIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1645383
来源机构	中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205347
作者单位	1.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 辽宁 110016, 中国; 2.东北大学生物系, 沈阳, 辽宁 110004, 中国; 3.烟台师范学院地理系, 涸台, 264025
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘志民,李雪华,李荣平,等. 科尔沁沙地31种1年生植物萌发特性比较研究[J]. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,2004,24(3):648-653.
APA	刘志民,李雪华,李荣平,蒋德明,曹成有,&常学礼.(2004).科尔沁沙地31种1年生植物萌发特性比较研究.生态学报,24(3),648-653.
MLA	刘志民,et al."科尔沁沙地31种1年生植物萌发特性比较研究".生态学报 24.3(2004):648-653.