干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 陕北统万城地区历史自然景观及毛乌素沙漠迁移速率

Arid

	陕北统万城地区历史自然景观及毛乌素沙漠迁移速率
其他题名	Historical natural landscape of Tongwancheng area in northern Shaanxi Province and migration rate of Mau Us Desert
	孙同兴 1; 王宇飞 1; 侯甬坚 2; 杜乃秋 1; 李承森 3
来源期刊	古地理学报
ISSN	1671-1505
出版年	2004
卷号	6 期号:3 页码:363-371
中文摘要	十六国时期夏国都城--统万城位于陕西省靖边县城北无定河北岸,今天的自然景观属于沙漠,仅存稀疏的次生灌丛和草本群落.但是,在约1600年以前,当地为温带干草原,在塬面或山丘上分布有侧柏林,沟谷、河岸边生长喜温湿的乔木,河流、湖泊、沼泽中水生植物繁盛,在丘间低洼处或盐碱土上分布有灌木和草本植物.当时该地区的年平均温度为7.8℃～9.3℃,最热月平均温度23.0℃～24.9℃,最冷月平均温度-12℃～-5.6℃,年较差28.5℃～38.2℃,年降雨量403.4～550.0 mm,最大月降雨量83.8～123.9 mm,最小月降雨量为4.4～12.2 mm.当时的年平均温度比现在高出0.2℃～0.7℃,年降雨量也高出60～100 mm.如此的历史景观今天已经向南迁移,侧柏林或森林草原退缩至延安以南.在此近1600年的时间里,毛乌素沙漠分布范围不断扩大,其南部边缘推进了约200 km,推测沙漠扩展的速率达到平均125m/a.
英文摘要	Tongwancheng, the capital of the Great Xia Kingdom during the period of Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms in the Chinese history, was situated on the north bank of Wudinghe River in the north of Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province.The recent Tongwancheng area has a desert landscape, with only sparse secondary shrub and grass community.However, about 1600 years ago the Tongwancheng area was once a beautiful place of dry steppes with the landscape of sparse forest. There was a temperate vegetation. Forests of Platycladus orientalis were distributed on the hills and uplands. Thermophilous trees grew along river banks and in gullies. Abundant aquatic plants grew in rivers, lakes and swamps.Salt-loving shrubs and herbs covered the salinized soil.At that time, the climate of the Tongwancheng area was as follows: the annual mean temperature was 7.8X3 -9.3X3 , the hottest monthly mean temperature was 23.0X3 - 24. 9X3 and the coldest monthly mean temperature was - 12.0X3 5.6X3 , the annual mean temperature difference was 28.5X3 ~ 38.2X3 , the annual precipitation was 403.4 - 550.0 mm, the monthly maximum precipitation was 83.8-123.9 mm and the monthly minimum precipitation was 4.4 - 12.2 mm. Compared with the present climate, the annual mean temperature and annual precipitation were respectively 0.2X3 -0.7X3 and 60~ 100 mm higher. It indicates that the climate in the Tongwancheng area about 1600 years ago was slightly warmer and wetter than the present time. The similar vegetative landscape of dry steppes has moved southward. The forests of Platycladus orientalis and forest steppe have moved to the southern part of Yan’ an area. It is estimated that the Mau Us Desert migrated southward at a mean rate of 125 meters per year during the past 1600 years.
中文关键词	陕北 ; 统万城地区 ; 历史自然景观 ; 毛乌素沙漠
英文关键词	northern Shaanxi Province Tongwancheng area historical natural landscape Mau Us Desert
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1607615
来源机构	中国科学院植物研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205189
作者单位	1.中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100093, 中国; 2.中国科学院地球环境研究所, 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安, 陕西 710054, 中国; 3.中国科学院植物研究所, 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 北京 100093, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孙同兴,王宇飞,侯甬坚,等. 陕北统万城地区历史自然景观及毛乌素沙漠迁移速率[J]. 中国科学院植物研究所,2004,6(3):363-371.
APA	孙同兴,王宇飞,侯甬坚,杜乃秋,&李承森.(2004).陕北统万城地区历史自然景观及毛乌素沙漠迁移速率.古地理学报,6(3),363-371.
MLA	孙同兴,et al."陕北统万城地区历史自然景观及毛乌素沙漠迁移速率".古地理学报 6.3(2004):363-371.