干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展

Arid

	稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展
其他题名	Review of Study on Interarction between Underlying Surface with Sparse Vegetation and Atmophere
	胡隐樵 1; 孙菽芬 2; 郑元润 3; 张强4 ; 傅培健 5; 左洪超 1
来源期刊	高原气象
ISSN	1000-0534
出版年	2004
卷号	23 期号:3 页码:281-286
中文摘要	介绍了国家自然科学基金委员会"十五"重点项目"稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究"的成果。通过资料分析、数值试验和理论分析，研究干旱地区稀疏植被复杂下垫面上水、热及cO。输运过程的机理；非均匀下垫面的复杂非线性效应；干旱地区更合理的陆面过程参数化方案以及绿洲的稳定性；强沙尘暴的发展机制和干旱地区生态环境建设对策。主要结果表明：(1)揭示r植物生态生理过程、净第一生产力和生物量对气候的敏感性，为稀疏植被下垫面与大气相瓦作用研究提供了较好的接口。(2)发展了适用于干旱、半干旱地区土壤中水热输送交叉耦合的物理模型；以能量和物质守恒定律为基础的雪盖物理模型，它显著地改善了陆面过程的模拟效果，是国际上最早开发的同类模型之一。(3)发展了大气非平衡态热力学，证明了非线性区普遍成立的最小熵产生原理，为研究气候和环境复杂系统提供了新思路和新方法；揭示了大气辐散和辐合运动对垂直湍流输送的影响，非均匀下垫面地气相互作用，为非均匀下垫面陆面过程参数化提供_r物理基础；研究了绿洲稳定性并估算了绿洲临界尺度约为3～6 km，为绿洲保护和建设提供了理论依据；提出了干旱地区有限水资源条件下增强其稳定性和抗干扰能力的牛态环境建设对策。(4)发展了强沙尘暴发展的动力学模式，揭示_r强沙尘暴发展辐射冷却的正反馈机制，展示了强沙尘暴预报的良好前景。
英文摘要	The studies of a key project, entitled "study of interaction between underlying surface with sparse vegetation and atmosphere" supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1999 to 2003 are reviewed. The mechanisms of transport processes of water, heat, and CO2 over complex underlying surface with sparse vegetation, the complex nonlinear effects caused by the heterogeneous underlying surface, the oasis stability, the development and thermal-dynamic conditions of strong dust storm, the countermeasure building the ecological environment in the arid and semi-arid area are studied using the data analyses, the numerical experiment, and the theory analyses. The main results are as follows Revealing the sensitivity of the net first productive power and the biomass to the climate, espe cially to the mean annual precipitation. These can provide a better interface to future study the interaction between the underlying surface with sparse vegetation and the atmosphere.Developing a physic former, which expresses across coupling between the water transportation and the heat transportation in the soil, and the influence of phase transition on movements of water and heat in the soil, to be applicable to the arid and semi-arid area. A physic former that express variation of the seasonal snow cover based on the conversation law of energy and the conservation law of mass is devel oped, its simulated results are very good consistent with the observation results, which is one among several international typical delaminating formers of snow cover to achieve in-phase with international ad vanced level. Developing the nonequilibrium thermodynamics. A theorem of minimum entropy production and a theorem of minimum generalized energy of the force-dissipative dynamic system are proved in thermody- namic linear and nonlinear region. These theory advances offer potential new idea and new method to deal with the kind of complex climate and environment system. The nonequilibrium linear thermodynamics reveals that the atmospheric vertical movement (namely the horizontal convergence or divergence movement) influences on the vertical turbulent transport fluxes of maroscopic quantities. This is very important for the boundary layer of heterogeneous underlying surface and the convection boundary layer. This research provides important clue to overcome difficulties in application of the atmospheric boundary layer physics toheterogeneous underlying surface, and in the parameterization of land surface process of heterogeneous un derlying surface. The oasis microclimate, the oasis critical scale and the oasis stability are studied using the theory of nonlinear thermodynamics. The oasis physic scale and the oasis wet island intensity are im portant control parameters of thermodynamic and dynamic processes of the oasis. The results of numerical simulation of the atmospheric dynamic model show that the critical scale of forming the oasis cold island effect is about 3-6 km; The oasis wet island intensity is about 2~5 g’ kg-1. On the basis of the above research stockpile, we suggest countermeasure of protecting and building the ecological environment in aridarea.(4) The development mechanism of strong dust storm, the atmospheric dynamic condition and the surface thermodynamic condition of forming strong dust storm are studied, on the basis of demand of econ omy build, and on the basis of trend of continually increasing of the dust storm in Western China and Northern China in the recent years. These simulated and observed results unveil a positive feedback process of the radiation cooling, among the dust, the radiation, the air temperature, air pressure, and strong wind, in the dust storm development process. These theoretical results validate the physic mecha nism of forming the dust storm, and reveal good foreground of predicting the strong dust storm.
中文关键词	稀疏植被
英文关键词	Sparse vegetation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1639133
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 ; 兰州大学 ; 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205172
作者单位	1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 2.中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 100029, 中国; 3.中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100081, 中国; 4.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 郑州, 甘肃 730020, 中国; 5.兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	胡隐樵,孙菽芬,郑元润,等. 稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州大学, 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,2004,23(3):281-286.
APA	胡隐樵,孙菽芬,郑元润,张强,傅培健,&左洪超.(2004).稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展.高原气象,23(3),281-286.
MLA	胡隐樵,et al."稀疏植被下垫面与大气相互作用研究进展".高原气象 23.3(2004):281-286.