干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 塔里木河下游土地利用/覆盖变化环境效应

Arid

	塔里木河下游土地利用/覆盖变化环境效应
其他题名	The Land Use/Cover Changes and the Eco-environmental Responses in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang
	吴秀芹; 蒙吉军
来源期刊	干旱区研究
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2004
卷号	21 期号:1 页码:38-43
中文摘要	利用1988和2000年Landsat 5的4、3、2(RGB)波段合成影像解译结果,采用中国科学院资源环境数据库中的全国1∶100 000土地资源利用分类系统,基于GIS(Arc/info 7.1)对塔里木河下游近12 a来土地利用/覆被变化进行了研究,在此基础上研究了生态环境效应.结果表明,(1)2000年研究区土地利用以未利用地和草地为主;(2)景观格局指数表明多样性指数在增加,景观破碎度均在0.2以下,说明景观连通性高,抗逆性强;疏林地分维数值最大,说明其空间形状较简单,廊道效应较低;景观基质是沙地,且沙漠化在进一步加强;(3)1988-2000年,耕地、水域、未利用地和城镇用地有所增加,而林地和草地则在减少;(4)12 a间,未发生转化的土地占99.65%,发生转化的仅0.36%.其中,改善类土地面积大于退化类土地,开发类土地净增长面积也大于同期弃耕类土地;(5)研究区LUCC除受暖温带大陆性干旱气候的影响外,人类活动改变地表水的地域分配及对天然植被的破坏,则是引起生态环境退化的主要原因.
英文摘要	Taking two composite Landsat 5 TM (thematic mapper) images of band 4, 3 and 2 taken in 1988 and 2000 respectively as the data sources, this paper carries out the study on the land use/cover changes in the lower reaches of Tarim River in recent 12 years by using the information about the land use and land cover inter-preted from these two images based on the classification system of land use (1:100 000) of the Resources and Environment Database of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the eco-environmental responses in this area are also researched. The results are as follows: (1) The land use in 2000 was dominated by the unused lands and grass-lands. (2) The landscape pattern indexes show that the diversity was increased. The values of fragmentation in the typical regions were less than 0.2. Such a low fragmentation reveals that the landscape connectivity was high and the resistant capability to environment change was strong. The fractal dimension of the sparse woodlands was the highest, which reveals that the shape of every patch was relative simple, the effects of corridors were small, the matrix of landscapes was sandy lands, and the desertification became more serious. (3) During the period from 1988 to 2000, the areas of farmlands, waters, unused lands and urban lands were enlarged but the areas of woodlands and grasslands were reduced. (4) In recent 12 years, the area of unchanged lands occupied 99.645% of the total land area but the area of changed lands occupied 0.355% only, in which the area of the improved lands was larger than that of the degraded lands, and the area of the developed lands was larger than that of the lands discarded from cultivation. (5) Except the land use and land cover in the study area are affected by the warm-temperate continental arid climate, human activities (such as changing the spatial distribution of surface water and destroying the natural vegetation) are the main causes resulting in the degeneration of the eco environment. The eco-environment responses include the increase of mineralization, drawdown of groundwater level, degeneration of the forests of Poptdus euphratica , shrubbery and grasslands, enlargement of the area of desertified lands, etc.
中文关键词	塔里木河下游 ; 土地利用/覆盖变化 ; 生态环境效应
英文关键词	the lower reaches of Tarim River land use/cover change eco-environmental response
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS POLICY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1500121
来源机构	北京大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/205048
作者单位	北京大学环境学院资源与环境地理系, "地表过程分析与模拟"教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴秀芹,蒙吉军. 塔里木河下游土地利用/覆盖变化环境效应[J]. 北京大学,2004,21(1):38-43.
APA	吴秀芹,&蒙吉军.(2004).塔里木河下游土地利用/覆盖变化环境效应.干旱区研究,21(1),38-43.
MLA	吴秀芹,et al."塔里木河下游土地利用/覆盖变化环境效应".干旱区研究 21.1(2004):38-43.