干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 沙尘暴电效应的实验观测研究

Arid

	沙尘暴电效应的实验观测研究
其他题名	An experimental and observational study on the electric effect of sandstorms
	张鸿发; 王涛; 屈建军; 言穆弘
来源期刊	地球物理学报
ISSN	0001-5733
出版年	2004
卷号	47 期号:1 页码:47-53
中文摘要	利用国内大型风沙物理风洞实验模拟沙尘暴电现象,研究风沙起电机理,结果表明,不同风速下不同沙粒会产生不同极性的电场强度和电位效应,风沙电随风速增大而增强,且随沙粒度增大而减小.在沙漠区的16m,8m,4m和1m高度上观测到27次不同沙尘暴天气过程的电场和风速随时间变化.结果表明,在晴天4个高度上的电场均为小正电场值,电场随高度降低而减小,最大电场强度在5kV/m以下,日风速变化对各层电场起伏没有较大影响.有沙尘天气,各高度上的电场强度随风速变化而变化.16m高度上电场均为负值,平均值为-20kV/m;中层8m电场一般为较高正电场值,达到10～40kV/m,与16m高度上电场呈反相关;下层1m电场值变化一般很小,在1kV/m以下.在强沙尘暴天气4个高度上的电场均为负电值,电场值随高度降低而减小,16m高度上最大平均电场强度达到-200kV/m以上,瞬时值超过-2500kV/m,与晴天电场矢量相反.
英文摘要	The results of wind tunnel experiment simulation for blown sand electrification show that the sands of different particle sizes at certain speeds can produce varied electric field intensities and electric potentials of different polarities. Blown sand electrification intensify becomes large with increase of wind velocity and weak with enlargement of sand particle size. Twenty seven times of observations to the electric field and wind velocity associated with varied sandstorms have been made at the height 16m, 8m, 4m, and lm at a desert area. During fine days, the electric field at these four heights has positive values which decrease with reducing height with the maximum intensity less than 5kV/m. And the daily change of wind speed has no major influence on the fluctuation of the electric field at each height. During days with blown sand, the intensity of electric fields at all heights change with wind speed. The electric field at the height 16m is negative, with the average value - 20kV/m. At the height 8m, the electric field is positive and as large as 10-40kV/m, which is oppositely correlated to that at the height 16m. At the height lm, the electric field changes little, and its magnitude is below lkV/m. During the days of strong sandstorm, the electric field at the four height are all negative and its values decrease with reducing height. Among them the maximum average intensity of electric field at 16m reaches - 200kV/m or more, with the instantaneous value exceeding - 2500kV/m, and is contrary to that of fine days in polarity. reaches - 200kV/m or more, with the instantaneous value exceeding - 2500kV/m, and is contrary to that of fine days in polarity.
中文关键词	风洞模拟实验 ; 风沙起电 ; 非对称摩擦 ; 沙尘天气电场结果 ; 沙尘暴电效应
英文关键词	wind tunnel simulation experiment blown sand electrification asymmetric rubbing electric structure of sandstorm weather sandstorm electric effect
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1498253
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/204911
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张鸿发,王涛,屈建军,等. 沙尘暴电效应的实验观测研究[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2004,47(1):47-53.
APA	张鸿发,王涛,屈建军,&言穆弘.(2004).沙尘暴电效应的实验观测研究.地球物理学报,47(1),47-53.
MLA	张鸿发,et al."沙尘暴电效应的实验观测研究".地球物理学报 47.1(2004):47-53.