干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 旱坡地麦田夏闲期耕作措施对土壤水分有效性的影响

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	旱坡地麦田夏闲期耕作措施对土壤水分有效性的影响
其他题名	Water Availability for Winter Wheat Affected by Summer Fallow Tillage Practices in Sloping Dryland
	王小彬 1; 蔡典雄 1; 金轲 1; 吴会军 1; 白占国 1; 张灿军 2; 姚宇卿 2; 吕军杰 2; 王育红 2; 杨波 2
来源期刊	中国农业科学
ISSN	0578-1752
出版年	2003
卷号	36 期号:9 页码:1044-1049
中文摘要	麦田夏闲期末，免耕覆盖和深松留高茬处理的土壤蓄水量各增加12～33和9～24mm。土壤水分蒸发量(E)在1999和2001年夏休闲期间分别减少7～8和34～36mm然而，小麦生育期的水分蒸散量(ET)，尤其是在2000～2001年期间较传统耕翻处理提高约47mm。连续采用保持耕作措施的第2年冬小麦产量增加，少耕、免耕和深松处理的产量分别较对照增加3%、5%和8%。深松处理的小麦产最高；免耕处理的经济效益最高。采用保持耕作措施，尤其是耕和深松，对于增加土壤蓄水、减少蒸发损失、提高水分有效性、节省能耕以及改善作物产量显示出最佳的效果。
英文摘要	The effects of tillage on winter wheat were studied on the sloping farmlands in Luoyang, Henan Province in the semihumid to arid loess plateau areas of North China. Different tillage methods including reduced tillage (RT), no-till (NT), 2 crops/year (2C), subsoiling (SS), and conventional tillage (CT) were compared to determine the effects of tillage methods on soil water conservation, water availability, and wheat yields. No-till and subsoiling showed good ef-fects on water conservation. The soil water storage increased by 12 - 33 mm with no-till and 9-24 mm with subsoiling at the end of summer fallow periods. The soil evaporation with NT and SS decreased by 7 - 8 and 34 - 36 mm during the fallow periods of 1999 and 2001, respectively. Water use (ET) with NT and SS increased by about 47 mm during wheat growth periods of 2000 - 2001. Treatment RT and 2C had low water storage and high water losses during the fallow periods. The winter wheat yields with conservation tillage practices were improved in the 2nd year, increased by 3 % , 5% and 8% with RT, NT and SS, respectively, compared with CT. The highest wheat yields were obtained with subsoiling, and the maximum economic benefits from no-till. All conservation tillage practices provided great benefits in saving ener-gy and labors, reducing operation inputs, and increasing economic returns. No-till and subsoiling have shown promise in increasing water storage, reducing water loss, enhancing water availability, and saving energy, as well as increasing wheat yield.
中文关键词	旱地 ; 坡地 ; 免耕 ; 深松 ; 土壤水分
英文关键词	dryland sloping land no-till subsoiling soil water
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1267362
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/204609
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 北京 100081, 中国; 2.河南省洛阳市农业科学研究所, 洛阳, 河南 471022, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王小彬,蔡典雄,金轲,等. 旱坡地麦田夏闲期耕作措施对土壤水分有效性的影响[J],2003,36(9):1044-1049.
APA	王小彬.,蔡典雄.,金轲.,吴会军.,白占国.,...&杨波.(2003).旱坡地麦田夏闲期耕作措施对土壤水分有效性的影响.中国农业科学,36(9),1044-1049.
MLA	王小彬,et al."旱坡地麦田夏闲期耕作措施对土壤水分有效性的影响".中国农业科学 36.9(2003):1044-1049.