干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析

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	绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析
其他题名	Spatial pattern in residential area and influencing factors in oasis landscape
	角媛梅 1; 肖笃宁 2; 马明国 1
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2003
卷号	23 期号:10 页码:2092-2100
中文摘要	以张掖绿洲居民地为研究对象，用景观格局分析软件FRAGSTATS计算了5个景观格局指标，用GIS计算了形状指数、景观类型空间邻接比例、最邻近指数、最近距离以及居民地的耕作半径，借鉴聚落地理学中的居民地分布研究方法，分析了居民地的空间格局特征及其影响因子。结果表明：①耕地是张掖绿洲内的景观基质，居民地是绿洲内分布最广、斑块数最多的景观类型；居民地的平均斑块面积小、形状简单、聚集度高，与耕地的空间邻接长度和数目均最高，其空间分布类型存在空间差异；②耕地是影响居民地分布格局的重要因子。缓冲区分析方法可以从理论上确定居民地的耕作半径，耕作半径与居民地的空间分布类型紧密相关；③居民地到渠系的平均最临近距离为215m，75.6%的居民地中有渠系穿过；④居民地分布受中心城市－张掖市的影响程度极其明显，两者呈指数相关；⑤景观格局分析、居民地分布研究方法和GIS空间分析方法的有效结合，可以较好的反映居民地的空间分布特征及其影响因子的相关性；⑥借鉴聚落地理学的最近邻点指具有明显的生态含义，可以作为量化景观聚集度的指标。
英文摘要	In this paper, we studied the spatial patterns in the residential area and its influencing factors in Zhangye oasis located in the middle reaches of Heihe River basin in northwest China. Five pattern indices (including the Area, the Mean Patch Area, the Patch Density, Average Nearest Distance and the Aggregation Index) were computed and analyzed using FRAGSTATS version 3.0, and the shape index and the spatial neighboring length and number between the residential area and other patches were calculated using Geographic Information System, and the Nearest Index that determines the type of residential area distribution were counted using the method of settlement geography, and the ractius of cultivation were computed using the method of buffer zone. The results indicated that the irrigated farmland which is the matrix of oasis landscape possesses the largest area in Zhangye and its sub-oasis, and the residential patches are most broadly distributed and dominate the landscape patches. The mean area of residential area is small, and the shape is simple but its aggregation index is high. The irrigated farmland is the type that has the highest neighboring length with residential area, suggesting a complex and close relationship between them. The distribution of residential area is random in Shajing sub-oasis but aggregated in the scale of oasis and other two sub-oasis (including the core oasis and Ganjun sub-oasis). Farmland is the key factor influencing the pattern of residential area distribution. The radius of cultivation, that can be derived by the method of buffer zone theoretically, showed a high correlation with the type of residential area distribution, suggesting that the former has a link of the latter. The average distance between residential patches and the nearest canals and rivers is 215m, and more than 75. 8% villages have canals passing through. The administrative center, Zhangye city, has significant impacts on the distribution of residential area, the nearer the distance from Zhangye city, the greater the impacts on the residential area. We concluded that the combination of landscape pattern analysis, the settlement geography and GIS can benefit the research on the pattern of residential area distribution and its influencing factors, and the Nearest Index, that have explicit ecological meanings, can be used to replace the Aggregation Index in FRAGSTATS.
中文关键词	绿洲景观 ; 居民地 ; 空间格局 ; 影响因子 ; 张掖
英文关键词	oasis landscape residential area spatial pattern influencing factors zhangye
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ECOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1270037
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/204301
作者单位	1.中国科学院寒区旱区与工程研究所, 冻土工程国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	角媛梅,肖笃宁,马明国. 绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2003,23(10):2092-2100.
APA	角媛梅,肖笃宁,&马明国.(2003).绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析.生态学报,23(10),2092-2100.
MLA	角媛梅,et al."绿洲景观中居民地空间分布特征及其影响因子分析".生态学报 23.10(2003):2092-2100.