干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄土高原西北部春小麦集雨微灌的产量及水分效应

Arid

	黄土高原西北部春小麦集雨微灌的产量及水分效应
其他题名	Effect of micro-irrigation with rainwater catchment on the yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat in the northwest of the Loess Plateau
	蔺海明 1; 张志山2 ; 谢忠奎 2
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2003
卷号	23 期号:3 页码:620-626
中文摘要	为探讨集雨微灌注对春小麦的产量及水分效应，于2001年在黄土高原西北部的甘肃省皋兰县进行了灌水方式（管灌、滴灌和微喷灌3个水平）和灌水量（0mm,22.5mm,45.0mm和67．5mm4个水平）2因素试验，分别在拔节期、孕穗期和开花前期灌水，试验共设36个小区，小区面积3*5m^2。试验结果表明：小麦生育期土壤水分变化动态受降水量，灌水量和小麦生育耗水量的影响，总体呈下降趋势，微喷灌处理能显著地增加上层（0－40cm）土壤含水量，以微喷灌67．5mm处理最为明显，对产量的方差分析结果表明，尽管灌水方式间的差异不显著，但从产量表现来看，其大小顺序依次是微喷灌，滴灌，管灌和对照；灌水量和互作间的差异达极显著水平；灌水有增加公顷穗数，降低穗粒数和千粒重的趋势，随灌水量的增加，千粒重对产量的贡献减小，而公顷穗数对产量的贡献增加，穗粒数对产量的贡献表现在这一过程之中。作物田间耗水量和水分利用效率随补灌量的增加而增加，以微喷灌67．5mm的水分利用效率最高；供水效率以微喷灌45．0mm和67．5mm处理为高。
英文摘要	Aid-to-irrigation with rainwater catchment is an efficient measure to assure the stability and high-yield of crop production in the arid or semi-arid regions .especially on the Loess Plateau of northern China. In recent years, the researches relative to the issue focus on the determination of the aid-to-irrigation system with rainwater catchment. The present study was conducted in field plots at the northwest of the Loess Plateau to evaluate the effect of micro-irrigation with rainwater catchment on the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of spring wheat. In the field experiment, 36 field plots with each area of 15 m~2(3X5 m~2) were established and treated with two factors of irrigation method and amount of irrigation. The irrigation method as the main-treatment factor was set up with three treatments (pipe-irrigation, drip-irrigation and micro-sprinkle-irrigation). The amount of water as the sub-treatment factor was set up with four treatments (0 mm, 22. 5 mm 45. 0 mm and 67. 5 mm). The aid-to-irrigation was given at the jointing stage, booting stage and blooming stage of the spring wheat development. The experiment results showed that (1 ) the dynamic changes of soil water in wheat growth period were subjected to the variation of the quantity at precipitation, irrigation and water consumption. In general, water content in soil showed a decrease tendency. Micro-sprinkle-irrigation, especially at the irrigation level of 67. 5 mm, significantly increased the water content in the upper layer of soil (0～40cm); (2) the effect of different irrigation methods on the wheat yield was not significant, however, the yield increase with the increase amount of irrigation. The highest yield appeared in the treatments irrigated 67. 5mm by micro-sprinkle-irrigation. Irrigation led to increase of the ear number per hectare, and decrease of the grain number per ear and 1000 grain weight; (3) the WUE of treatments irrigated were higher than that of check (CK); the WUE and water irrigation efficiency (WIE) of micro-sprinkle-irrigation were highest among the three methods of irrigations the WUE of the treatments irrigated 67. 5mm was highest among the four levels of irrigation amount and the WIE of the treatments irrigated 45. Omm and 67. 5mm were higher than other two levels of irrigation amount.
中文关键词	黄土高原 ; 集雨微灌 ; 春小麦 ; 产量 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	micro-irrigation rainwater catchment spring wheat yield water use efficiency the Loess Plateau
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1290065
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 ; 甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/204277
作者单位	1.甘肃农业大学农学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	蔺海明,张志山,谢忠奎. 黄土高原西北部春小麦集雨微灌的产量及水分效应[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃农业大学,2003,23(3):620-626.
APA	蔺海明,张志山,&谢忠奎.(2003).黄土高原西北部春小麦集雨微灌的产量及水分效应.生态学报,23(3),620-626.
MLA	蔺海明,et al."黄土高原西北部春小麦集雨微灌的产量及水分效应".生态学报 23.3(2003):620-626.