干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 塔里木河中游滞洪区的形成及其对生态环境的影响

Arid

	塔里木河中游滞洪区的形成及其对生态环境的影响
其他题名	Flood Detention Region in the Middle Reaches of Tarim River Mainstream and Its Impact on Ecological Environments
	王顺德 1; 李红德 1; 许泽锐 2; 韩萍 3; 王进 1
来源期刊	冰川冻土
ISSN	1000-0240
出版年	2003
卷号	25 期号:6 页码:712-718
中文摘要	塔里木河位于我国新疆内陆干旱区，是我国最大的内陆河，全长1 321 km。近40 a来，在阿克苏河、叶尔羌河、和田河、开都河-孔雀河四条源流出出口天然来水量未减少，且在20世纪90年代增加7%的情况下，由于源流区人类活动的影响和粗放型农业，补给塔里木河水量以年均2 500*10~4 m~3的速率减少，加之中游区新生滞洪区耗水严重，进入下游的水量锐减。20世纪70年代以来又被大西海子水库几乎全部拦蓄，导致最下游320 km河道断流近30 a，地下水位下降，植被衰退，沙漠化进程加快，绿色走廊危在旦夕，生态环境恶化，已影响到流域人类的生存安全。
英文摘要	The Tarim River Basin is located in the southern half of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Re-gion, PRC. From the confluence of its three main contributing tributaries, the Tarim River main-stream extends 1321 km to Taitema Lake. The ma-instream can be classed into the upstream with 495 km from Xiaojiake to Yinbazar, the middlestream with 398 km from Yinbazar to Kara and the lower-stream with 428 km from Kara to Taitema Lake. A number of rivers fed by snowmelt and glacier melt begin in the mountains and drain into the basin with average annual virgin flow of about 35 billion m3. A number of other subbasins exist within the Tarim Basin that does not contribute flows to the Tarim River because all of their flows either natu-rally evaporate in the desert or are used in irrigated agriculture areas, Peak flow months in the rivers are July, August and September. Lowest flow oc-curs in the period from January through April.Total streamflow of the four headstreams of the Tarim River in 2001 is 266. 5X108m3, more 40. 70 X 108m3 than annual mean streamflow, in-creasing 18% to annual mean value. Annual mean streamflow at Aler Gauging Station where the Tar-im River mainstream begins was 46. 00 X 108m3. The interzone consumed water of the Tarim River mainstream are estimated to be 15. 33 X lO8!^ for the upper course, account for 33. 3% of Aler annu-al mean streamflow; 23. 99 X 108m3 for the middle course, 52. 2% of Aler ones and 6. 680X108m:i for the downstream course , 14. 5% of Aler ones. The consumed water of both upstream and mid-dlestream courses sum up 39. 32 X 108m3, account for 85. 5% of annual mean streamflow at Aler Gauging Station. Historical annual flows average over 40 X 10s m3, but for the past two decades there has essen-tially been no flow below Daxihaizi Reservoir, 300 km upstream of Taitema Lake. In 2001, an emer-gency water diversion project was carried out in the "green corridor", transfer water from Bosten Lake to the Taitema Lake, and fed the "green corridor", ended the 30 -years no flow history of 300 km up-stream of the Taitema Lake, and ecological envi-ronment started to be restoring.
中文关键词	塔里木河 ; 滞洪区 ; 区间耗水 ; 生态环境
英文关键词	Tarim River flooding detention consumed water of interzone ecoenvironment
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MINERALOGY
WOS研究方向	Mineralogy
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1176918
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203839
作者单位	1.阿克苏水文水资源勘测局, 阿克苏, 新疆 843000, 中国; 2.巴州水文水资源勘测局, 库尔勒, 新疆 845002, 中国; 3.新疆水文水资源局, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王顺德,李红德,许泽锐,等. 塔里木河中游滞洪区的形成及其对生态环境的影响[J],2003,25(6):712-718.
APA	王顺德,李红德,许泽锐,韩萍,&王进.(2003).塔里木河中游滞洪区的形成及其对生态环境的影响.冰川冻土,25(6),712-718.
MLA	王顺德,et al."塔里木河中游滞洪区的形成及其对生态环境的影响".冰川冻土 25.6(2003):712-718.