干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黑河流域山区植被生态水文功能的研究

Arid

	黑河流域山区植被生态水文功能的研究
其他题名	Eco-hydrological Function of Mountain Vegetation in the Hei River Basin, Northwest China
	金博文 1; 康尔泗 1; 宋克超 1; 刘贤德 2
来源期刊	冰川冻土
ISSN	1000-0240
出版年	2003
卷号	25 期号:5 页码:580-584
中文摘要	依据土壤－植被－大气系统的结构特性，从林冠层、苔藓－枯枝落叶层、土壤层剖面结构分析了黑河流域山区水源涵养林在水文过程中的作用。观测试验表明，林冠截留大气降水的32.7％，使达林地的水分相对减少而养分增加，而林冠遮荫使林内土壤蒸发仅为林外草地的34.2％。苔藓－枯枝落叶层蔬松孔，最大持水量可达12.5 mm水层深，加上表层较高的体积含水量和较小的水分变差系数，使其在涵蓄一部分大气降水的同时具有良好的保水性能。林地土壤具有良好的渗透性和涵蓄大气降水的能力，从而减少了地表径流量。森林的蒸散发使林区空气湿度高于周边地区17％，形成山区独特的森林小气候，从而进一步影响着山区的水文过程。
英文摘要	The altitude dependency of different mountain vegetation landscape zones are diagramed by field investigations in the mountain watershed of the Hei River Basin in the arid area of northwest China. Based on the structure and characteristics of soil vegetation atmosphere system, the eco-hydrological function of mountain forests, which are called the water restraint forests, is analyzed from the stratification of canopy layer, moss-resi-due layer and soil layer. The canopy layer inter-cepts 34. 7% of rainfall averagely and brings nutri-ent to the soil about 61. 04 kg ? hm~(-2) ?a~(-1) by elu-viation. The moss-residual layer can hold water up to 1. 25 X 10~5 kg ? hm~(-2), that is equivalent to a-bout 12. 5 mm depth of water. The volume content of soil water in the surface soil layer of the mossresidual layer is relative high and has less varia-tion. Therefore, the moss-residual layer detains some proportion of precipitation and possesses good water restraint ability. The infiltration rate of forest soil is averaged with 162 mm ? min"1, which is about 8 --170 times of that in grassland outside the forests. The evaporation of forest soil is only about 34. 2% of that in grassland’s by the forests. It is observed that even a rainstorm of 94. 5 mm does not generate surface runoff in the forest covered area. It is concluded that the moun-tain forests possess unique hydrological function of water and soil conservation in the mountain vegeta-tion zone at the upper stream of the Hei River Ba-sin.
中文关键词	山区植被带 ; 生态水文功能 ; 黑河流域
英文关键词	mountainous vegetation zone eco-hydrological function Hei River Basin
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	FORESTRY
WOS研究方向	Forestry
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1168469
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203832
作者单位	1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 2.甘肃水源涵养林研究院, 张液, 甘肃 734000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	金博文,康尔泗,宋克超,等. 黑河流域山区植被生态水文功能的研究[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2003,25(5):580-584.
APA	金博文,康尔泗,宋克超,&刘贤德.(2003).黑河流域山区植被生态水文功能的研究.冰川冻土,25(5),580-584.
MLA	金博文,et al."黑河流域山区植被生态水文功能的研究".冰川冻土 25.5(2003):580-584.