干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 湖泊生态环境需水量计算方法研究

Arid

	湖泊生态环境需水量计算方法研究
其他题名	A study on the calculation methods of the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lakes
	刘静玲; 杨志峰
来源期刊	自然资源学报
ISSN	1000-3037
出版年	2002
卷号	17 期号:5 页码:604-609
中文摘要	中国北方干旱和半干旱地区湖泊面临不断干枯，萎缩和水质污染严重的局面。水资源的不合理配置和使用，造成资源性缺水和水质性缺水；维护湖泊和水库的合理水位及其水体的自净能力已经成为淡水资源科学配置和永续利用的基本保证。确定和保证湖泊生态系统必需的最小水量是解决问题的关键和前提，计算湖泊最小生态环境需水量的方法有：（1）水量平衡法；（2）换水周期法；（3）最小水位法；（4）功能法。研究结果表明：对于受损严重的湖泊，功能法无论从理论基础，计算原则和计算步骤，还是从需水量的分类和组成，都比较准确地反映了湖泊生态系统的健康现状和湖泊生态系统需水量之间的相互关系，可以为防止湖泊生态系统日益恶化的趋势和生态恢复提供技术支持。针对不同类型湖泊，生态环境特性和生态系统管理目标可以选择不同的计算方法，在确定了湖泊最小生态环境需水量和生态环境建设实施方案，北方地区湖泊生态系统将进入科学管理和生态恢复阶段。
英文摘要	In arid and semi-arid areas of northern China, lakes have been facing a number of problems such us dried-up,shrinkage and serious water pollution. Nonscientifical utilization and management of the lake resources has resulted in water shortage and water quality degradation. To keep rational water level and self-purification ability of the lakes is the guarantee for scientific and sustainable utilization of the water resources. The calculation method of the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lakes is the basic precondition to keep rational utilization and management of the lake ecosystem. Based on the analysis of the crisis of lake eco-environment and,the obstacles to the solution of the problems in China,the concept and calculation methods about the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lakes have been analyzed. According to the features and actual situation of the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lake ecosystems we put forward the calculaton methods: (1) water quantity balance method; (2) exchange water cycle method; (3) minimum water level method;and (4) function method. The results show that the function method can reflect exactly the relationships between the healthy state and the minimum eco-environmental water demand of the lake ecosystems. This can offer technical support against the trend of eco-environmental deterioration and for the restoration of the lake ecosystems. These different methods should be used for different kinds of and different eco-environmental characters of the lake ecosystems. To define the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lakes,it is possible to offer scientific support for lake ecosystem management and restoration. In northern China the lake ecosystems will get into the new period of scientific management and ecological restoration after the minimum eco-environmental water demand for lake ecosystems is determined and implement eco-environmental construction planning is implemented. Key words: lake; the minimum eco-environmental water demand; calculating method.
中文关键词	湖泊 ; 最小生态环境需水量 ; 计算方法 ; 水量平衡法 ; 换水周期法 ; 最小水位法 ; 功能法
英文关键词	lake the minimum eco-environmental water cemand calculating method
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1129766
来源机构	北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203779
作者单位	刘静玲, 北京师范大学环境科学研究所, 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875, 中国.; 杨志峰, 北京师范大学环境科学研究所, 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘静玲,杨志峰. 湖泊生态环境需水量计算方法研究[J]. 北京师范大学,2002,17(5):604-609.
APA	刘静玲,&杨志峰.(2002).湖泊生态环境需水量计算方法研究.自然资源学报,17(5),604-609.
MLA	刘静玲,et al."湖泊生态环境需水量计算方法研究".自然资源学报 17.5(2002):604-609.