干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黑河流域地域系统的下游绿洲带资源

Arid

	黑河流域地域系统的下游绿洲带资源－环境安全
其他题名	the mountain-basin complex of Heihe River and resource-environment safety of oasis zone in the lower reaches
	刘钟龄; 朱宗元; 郝敦元
来源期刊	自然资源学报
ISSN	1000-3037
出版年	2002
卷号	17 期号:3 页码:286-293
中文摘要	额济纳绿洲是我国西北干旱区中心的一道生态防线。20世纪半叶绿洲生态系统严重受损，景观结构急剧恶化，黑河的供水量逐年下降，由50年代的12．2510^8m^3下降到90年代的7．2410^8m^3。地下水位也相应降低，土地盐化也在加剧。各种禾草草甸严重退化，并多已演替成为苦豆子群落。为了维护我国西北的这一生态屏障，论文认为必须坚持以恢复与保护自然绿洲为主，恢复胡杨林、沙枣林、红柳灌丛与梭梭林的覆盖率；建立人工草地，改善土地覆盖，建设自然－人工复合绿洲。在绿建设与保育工程中必须保证供水，保持地下水位的临床界高度，调控水盐动态，发挥生物－景观多样性的系统耦合效应，实现绿洲生态系统健康与资源－环境安全。
英文摘要	Heihe River system, originating from Qilian Mountains, is one of the important inland rivers in Northwest China. From Qilian Mountains in the south to Gobialtai mountain in the north, the Heihe drainage basin forms a mountain-basin complex in the inland arid area. The oasis belt distributed in the basin was developed with soil and water material resources from the mountains. Ejina oasis, located in the central part of the arid Northwest China, serves as an important ecological defense of the entire region. In the latter half of the 20th century, the ecological sys-tem of the oasis was severely damaged, the original landscape structure was dramatically de-stroyed, the water supply from Heihe River was decreasing year by year, from 1 .225 billion m3 a year in the 1950s to 0.724 billion m3 a year in the 1990s.The level of groundwater table was lowed and the land salinization were aggravated accordingly. The area of Populus euphratica and Elaeagnus angustifolia woods were decreased from 34.5 thousand ha to 22 thousand ha dominated with virgin forest. The scrubs of Tamarix ramosissima were decreased by 50 per cent, becoming the sparse and short community. The serious degrada-tion of herb meadows led to succession to Sophora alopecuroides community. In order to conserve the important ecological barrier of Northwest China, the main objective is to restore and conserve the natural oasis, increase the coverage of Populus euphratica woods, Elaeagnus angustifolia woods, Tamarix ramosissima scrub and Haloxylon ammodendron brush woods. Meanwhile, it is necessary to develop artificial grassland to improve the land coverage, and to construct the artificial-natural oasis. Water supply must be guaranteed for the conserva-tion and the restoration of the oasis. More attention should be paid to keep the groundwater at a suitable level, control the water-salt dynamics, and enhance the coupling effect of the bio-land-scape diversity. Thus, the ecosystem health and resource-environment safety of oasis can be com-pleted.
中文关键词	黑河流域 ; 山-盆地域系统 ; 绿洲生态系统 ; 环境-资源安全 ; 生态环境恶化 ; 生态恢复 ; 生态保育
英文关键词	Heihe river basin mountain-basin complex oasis environment-resource safety
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1134657
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203771
作者单位	内蒙古大学, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘钟龄,朱宗元,郝敦元. 黑河流域地域系统的下游绿洲带资源－环境安全[J],2002,17(3):286-293.
APA	刘钟龄,朱宗元,&郝敦元.(2002).黑河流域地域系统的下游绿洲带资源－环境安全.自然资源学报,17(3),286-293.
MLA	刘钟龄,et al."黑河流域地域系统的下游绿洲带资源－环境安全".自然资源学报 17.3(2002):286-293.