干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响

Arid

	退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响
其他题名	Cultivation and Enclosure Effects on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Degraded Sandy Grassland
	苏永中; 赵哈林; 文海燕
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2002
卷号	16 期号:4 页码:5-8,126
中文摘要	分析了退化沙质草地开垦耕种2年和围封恢复5年后土壤理化性状的特征和变化。结果表明：（1）开垦后2年的耕作，使0～15 cm耕作层<0.1mm细颗粒组分下降了23.8%，其中0～2.5 cm表层和2.5～7.5 cm亚表层0.1～0.05 mm的细沙损失了38.1%和27.0%，土壤和粗粒化程度已接近于流沙；土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷分别下降了38.4%，28.0%和18.4%，下降幅度随土层深度而减小。（2）围封恢复5年后，粒级分布的变化仅发生在0～2.5 cm的表层土壤，极细沙（0.1～0.05 mm）、粉粒（0.05～0.002 mm）和粘粒（<0.002 mm）含量分别提高了43.1%，11.1%和32.5%；土壤有机碳和氮磷养分的显著提高发生在0～2.5 cm表层和2.5～7.5 cm亚表层，7.5 cm土层以下没有变化。（3）草地开垦引发了强烈的风蚀作用，使富含营养的细微颗粒吹蚀，导致有机碳和氮磷养分的损失；采取围封措施后，植被的恢复对土壤养分产生明显的截存和保护效应。
英文摘要	The changes of some selected physicochemical properties of degraded sandy grassland due to 2 years of cultivation and 5 years of enclosure for vegetation restoration were studied. The results were as follows: (1) Cultivation and subsequently short-term tillage practices of sandy grassland resulted in 23.8% decrease in the proportion of fine particle size fractions (<0.1 mm) of 0～15 cm plough layer, 38.4%, 28.0% and 18.4% decrease in organic C, total N and total P compared to the adjacent grazing grassland soil due to accelerated wind erosion. The particle size distribution of 0～2.5 cm surface layer and 2.5～7.5 cm subsurface layer developed towards that of shifting sand. (2) After 5 years of enclosure, vegetation got restoration. Significant changes of particle size distribution and bulk density were observed only in the 0～2.5 cm surface layer, the proportion of very fine sand (0.1～0.05 mm), silt (0.05～0.002 mm) and clay (<0.002 mm) was increased by 43.1%, 11.1% and 32.5%, and bulk density decreased by 19.7% compared to the grazing grassland. Significant changes of the concentrations of organic C, N and P nutrients were found in 0～2.5cm and 2.5～7.5cm layer. This changes resulted from the return of great quantities of litters, and the sequestration and conservation effects of vegetation on soil organic matter and wind-blown fine particles. (3) The changes of characterization of particle size fractions and organic C reflected strong wind erosion in the study region, and irrational cultivation no doubt accelerated with erosion and exacerbated soil properties. Therefore, there is a need to develop sustainable soil management and live-stock grazing practices (i.e. to fence degraded grassland for rotation grazing, to stop conversion of sandy grassland, and to give up cultivation of the degraded farmland) to combat the ongoing soil degradation and desertification in the Horqin sandy land.
中文关键词	开垦 ; 封育 ; 土壤理化性状 ; 沙质草地 ; 科尔沁沙地
英文关键词	cultivation enclosure physicochemical properties degraded sandy grassland Horqin sandy land
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1141774
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203458
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	苏永中,赵哈林,文海燕. 退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2002,16(4):5-8,126.
APA	苏永中,赵哈林,&文海燕.(2002).退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响.水土保持学报,16(4),5-8,126.
MLA	苏永中,et al."退化沙质草地开垦和封育对土壤理化性状的影响".水土保持学报 16.4(2002):5-8,126.