干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 沙坡头人工植被区陆气耦合模式及生物结皮与植被演变的机理研究

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	沙坡头人工植被区陆气耦合模式及生物结皮与植被演变的机理研究
其他题名	A Land-Atmosphere Coupling Model and Mechanism of the Crust Layer and the Evolution of Canopy in Artificial Vegetation Area of Shapotou
	姚德良 1; 李家春 1; 杜岳 1; 李新荣2 ; 张景光 2
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2002
卷号	22 期号:4 页码:452-460
中文摘要	论述了研究陆气相互作用的意义和现状。在以前工作基础上，针对腾格里沙漠人工植被区陆气水热传输过程，提出了一个多层陆气的耦合模式。特别给出了导水率的计算模型和修正后的根系吸水模式，考虑了结皮层对于土壤水分入渗的影响以及植被演变的过程。陆气耦合模式分别对大气、植被、土壤作用多层划分，以助于细致了解沿高度分布的各物理量。同时，介绍了当地气候根况和野外观测情况。利用本模式对中国科学院沙坡头沙漠站人工植被区陆气水热效换过程进行了数值模拟，模拟结果与实测值吻合较好，可为当地合理利用水热资源和治理沙漠提供科学依据。
英文摘要	It is well-known that land-atmosphere interaction exerts great influences on global and regional environment. In order to determine the fluxes and parameterization scheme at the land-atmosphere interface, it is necessary to investigate terrestrial processes on typical underlying surface. In recent years, people have come to recognize the close relationship between the water-heat exchange process in the land-atmosphere interface and the canopy, more and more attention has been paid to the influence on the climate by the change of the canopy coverage ratio and their form. The main interactions of the land-atmosphere are: firstly, the radiation exchange; secondly, the friction of the surface roughness against the movement of the atmosphere; and the third is the exchange of the sensible heat and the latent heat. A great improvement was made to understand land-atmosphere interaction and land-surface parameterization scheme since 1970s. The model can be classified as simple model and complex model according to its complicated degree. Generally speaking, the simple model ignores the effect to the canopy in water cycling. The surface water governing equation is mainly the "bucklet model" or the revision of the "bucket model" developed by Budyko. The surface energy control scheme is a surface instant energy balance equation which ignores the energy transmission under the soil. Since 1980s, canopy biophysical and physiological processes for water and heat cycling are extensively studied. A few model for SPAC system, such as ABTS model (Dickinson 1986) and SIB model (Seller 1986) have been proposed. scientists have paid attention to coupling models for simulating the land-atmosphere interactions as a result. At the mean, the atmosphere turbulence transfer plays a decisive role in the momentum, quality further developed by Naot using the new trubulence model. In 1990, the soil-atmosphere coupling model (SALSA) which reflects the water-heat exchange of the bare soil and the lower atmosphere was established by Berge applying the turbulence theory. In recent years, people are more concerned with land-atmosphere transfer process and projects such as IGBP, UNEP and GEWEX. The land-atmosphere interaction s being intensively studied. In the resent paper, we have elucidated the importance of investigation on land surface-atmosphere interaction for mankind’s living environment protection and local economics development as well as its present state. Based on the previous work, a coupling. micrometeorological model for SPAC system over wheat field in the Tengger desert is presented. Especially, the leaf stoma non-saturation conditaion is considered to calculate the evapotranspiration, and the root absorption model is revised as well. The presence of microbiotic crust changes the soil hydraulic conductivity, alters te temporal and spatial distribution of limited precipitation in sand layer and leads to the degradation of deep-rooted shrubs. The conopy is divided into several layers, aiming at revealing the vertical profiles of mean quantities within it and providing scientific basis for parameterization of terrestrial processes. The model is shown capable of well simulating the microenvironment of wheat canopy in good agreementt with measured mean temperature, specifie humidity and latent heat fluxes et al. And the sensitivity test is carried out as well to analyze canopy’s influence.
中文关键词	人工植被 ; 陆气耦合模型 ; 结皮层 ; 植被演变 ; 数值模拟
英文关键词	artificial vegetation land-atmosphere coupling model crust layer evolution of canopy numerical simulation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ECOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1045119
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203378
作者单位	1.中国科学院力学研究所, 北京 100080, 中国; 2.中国科学院沙坡头沙漠试验研究站, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	姚德良,李家春,杜岳,等. 沙坡头人工植被区陆气耦合模式及生物结皮与植被演变的机理研究[J],2002,22(4):452-460.
APA	姚德良,李家春,杜岳,李新荣,&张景光.(2002).沙坡头人工植被区陆气耦合模式及生物结皮与植被演变的机理研究.生态学报,22(4),452-460.
MLA	姚德良,et al."沙坡头人工植被区陆气耦合模式及生物结皮与植被演变的机理研究".生态学报 22.4(2002):452-460.