干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 针毛收获蚁社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为

Arid

	针毛收获蚁社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为
其他题名	Density and distributional patterns of seed harvester ant Messor aciculatus and the seasonal moving behavior
	长有德 1; 贺达汉 2
来源期刊	昆虫知识
ISSN	0452-8255
出版年	2002
卷号	39 期号:1 页码:23-27
中文摘要	针毛收获蚁Messor aciculatus (F. Smith)是我国北方特别是西北荒漠草原的优势种蚂蚁，亦是重要的种子收获性蚁类，收获、贮藏和取食10余种荒漠植物种子。本文以沙坡头自然保护区红卫固定沙丘地段为样地，对该蚁的社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为作了研究。最近邻体法测定表明，社群在新生生境中起初随机定居，随社群密度的不断定居，空间分布型逐渐向均匀六边形过渡；社群密度为成熟社群34.98巢/hm~2，发展中社群26.99巢/hm~2，新建社群44.98巢/hm~2，种群密度2.68工蚁/m~2。社群结构的季节动态总蚁量和幼蚁为双峰型，蚁后和雄蚁为单峰型。室内人工蚁巢饲养表明，社群结构约1月后趋于稳定，蚁量50 ～ 70头，单蚁后以4个品级混合越冬。自然社群的挖掘表明，各品级在蚁巢中的季节迁移行为明显呈现上迁、前层持续活动、下迁和深层越冬四期。此外，讨论了该蚁对荒漠草原环境的适应性。
英文摘要	Messor aciculatus (F. Smith) is a seed harvester dominant ant in th desert steppe ecosystem of northwest China. It harvests more than 10 kinds of plant seeds. Colonies are divided into smature, developing and new according to their abandoned food and, nest building soil deposited around nest entrance. The nearest neighbor distance between each of two of the above three kinds of colony were measured. The results showed that mature colony was randomly distributed, but developing and new colonies were gradually transferred to hexagon patterns. This indicated that queens randomly settled down in non-colony-background. But as colony density increasing, the competition among colonies became severe and the distribution gradually transferred to hexagon patterns. The density of mature, developing and new colonies per hectare was 34.98, 26.99 and 44.98 respectively. According to the seasonal dynamics of castes in colony, the population density was estimated to 2.68 workers per square meter. Seasonal dynamics of larvae and total individuals presented two peaks, whereas queen and male only had one. Colonies reared in 25 cm * 25 cm * 9 cm artificial nest at 30 2 ℃ and 60% relative humidity kept their caste structure stable after one month, with single queen, 50 ～ 70 workers and a few males. It hibernated with queen, worker, male and larvae. Seasonal moving behavior in natural nest took on the following four distinct stages, moving-up from middle March to late April, staying in shallow chambers from early May to late October, moving-down from early to late November and hibernating in deep chambers from early December to next early March. In addition, the adaptation of M. aciculatus to desert steppe environment was discussed.
中文关键词	针毛收获蚁 ; 空间分布 ; 社群密度 ; 季节动态 ; 荒漠生态系统 ; 中国西北
英文关键词	distribution and density of colony seasonal dynamics seasonal moving patterns Messor aciulatus desert ecosystem northwest China
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENTOMOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Entomology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1035514
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203291
作者单位	1.中国科学院动物研究所, 北京 100080, 中国; 2.宁夏农学院农学系, 永宁, 甘肃 750105, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	长有德,贺达汉. 针毛收获蚁社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为[J],2002,39(1):23-27.
APA	长有德,&贺达汉.(2002).针毛收获蚁社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为.昆虫知识,39(1),23-27.
MLA	长有德,et al."针毛收获蚁社群密度与分布及社群各品级在自然穴巢中的季节迁移行为".昆虫知识 39.1(2002):23-27.