干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 古炭屑与古森林火

Arid

	古炭屑与古森林火
其他题名	Fossil charcoal and ancient forest fire
	吕静; 王宇飞; 李承森
来源期刊	古地理学报
ISSN	1671-1505
出版年	2002
卷号	4 期号:2 页码:71-76
中文摘要	森林火普遍发生在地质历史时期中，它对自然植被系统的演替起着重要作用。不同强度和频率的森林培育出不同类型的植被：频繁的森林火导致草甸的形成，而热带雨林形成的原因之一是森林火的缺乏。古炭屑作为古森林火的遗迹，具有分布广泛、细胞结构保存完好以及原地埋藏等特点，为研究古森林火发生的强度和频率提供了宝贵的材料。古炭屑的出现与当时的气候因素、植被类型和地理状况有密切关系：干旱、少雨的气候常常伴随高频率森林火的发生，表现出古炭屑的数量增多；易燃物种组成的植被易发生森林火，古炭屑的出现也会增多，而耐火树种会降低森林火的强度，古炭屑则出现少。因此，从古炭屑的数量和种类的变化，可探讨古森林火的发生规律，进而推断长期地质历史时期的气候、植被、地理状况的演变。
英文摘要	The forest fire is a special composition i the natural ecosystem. It could be triggered by different factors repeatedly. The frequency and intensity of its occurrence depended on the behaviors of eco-factors, however the forest fire affected the environmental events deeply on the contrary. It takes an important part in the development of vegetation system i.e. a special kind of frequency and intensity of the forest fire are helpful to develop a special vegetation type. The higher frequency could lead to the formation of grass marshland, and tropical rainforest could develop if without the influence of forest fire. The forest fire happened universally in geology history and left a lot of remains. The fossil charcoal was one of the remains. The charcoal distributed widely, and the structure was preserved very well when being covered by earth. Furthermore, the fossil charcoal provided more important information of the frequency and intensity of ancient forest fire without any artificial interfering factor. The amount of fossil charcoal showed close relation to the climate factor, vegetation type and geographical features. The arid climate such as short of rainfall or the vegetation composed of combustible species of plants could raise the frequency of the forest fire, the amount of fossil charcoal would increased; whereas wet climate and the vegetation with apyrous species led the amount decrease. Besides, terrestrial environment is favorable to induce the occurring of forest fire. The important rule of forest fire is helpful to conjecture the development of climate, vegetation and geographical features in long historical period. The fossil charcoal not only provided the important evidence of paleoflora, palaeobiotope and palaeogeography, but also an important measure to use the forest fire in improving the ecological environment. The research on the fossil charcoal offers the chances, to understand palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology and palaeogeography, and lay the the-orical basis of using forest fire and improving nature environment because presented or controlled burning is used to maintain or develop the grassland, shrub-land or forest.
中文关键词	古炭屑 ; 古森林火 ; 古植被 ; 古生态 ; 古地理
英文关键词	fossil charcoal ancient forest fire palaeovegetation palaeoecology palaeogeography
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:995507
来源机构	中国科学院植物研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203265
作者单位	中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100093, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕静,王宇飞,李承森. 古炭屑与古森林火[J]. 中国科学院植物研究所,2002,4(2):71-76.
APA	吕静,王宇飞,&李承森.(2002).古炭屑与古森林火.古地理学报,4(2),71-76.
MLA	吕静,et al."古炭屑与古森林火".古地理学报 4.2(2002):71-76.