干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 中国西北地区蚂蚁区系特征

Arid

	中国西北地区蚂蚁区系特征
其他题名	Ant fauna in the northwestern regions of china
	长有德; 贺达汉
来源期刊	动物学报
ISSN	0001-7302
出版年	2002
卷号	48 期号:3 页码:322-332
中文摘要	于1997－2000年对宁夏、甘肃、青海及内蒙古西北部地区进行了系统的蚁类标本采集，获得标本1000余号，并对其进行了系统的分类鉴定，获得蚂蚁3亚科16属79种。本调查区蚁类区系组成呈现以下特征：古北界分布的有15属，代表属为蚁属、红蚁属、毛蚁属、原蚁属、箭蚁属、收获蚁属等；东洋界分布的有9属，代表属为火蚁属、细胸蚁属、酸臭蚁属、光胸臭蚁属和弓背蚁属等；在种级水平上，古北界分布的有79种，东洋界分布的仅17种。蒙新区分布的成分有15属，其中以铺道蚁属、原蚁属及箭蚁属为主体，蚁属和心结蚁属次之；区分布的成分有4属，以蚁属和毛蚁属为主体；东北区分布的成分有5属，蚁属和毛蚁属为主体；华北区分布的成分有15属，其中以蚁属、红蚁属和毛蚁属为主体，仅心结蚁属无分布；华中区、华南区和西南区分布的成分均不明显。在种级水平，华北区和蒙新区分布的成分为主体，分别占51和49种，其次为华中区、青藏区和东北区的成分，分别占17、15和15种，华南区和西南区的成分最少，分别为8和5种。在区系分类的基础上，根据优势种、特有种，并结合植被、地形、地貌将调查区划分为6个蚁类区：黄土高原蚁类区、荒漠蚁类区（其下设4个蚁类亚区；荒化草原蚁类亚区、草原化茺蚁类亚区、典型荒蚁类亚区和荒漠绿洲蚁类亚区）、荒漠沼泽蚁类区、高寒灌草丛蚁类区、贺兰山蚁为区和六盘山蚁类区。利用主成分分析对不同草原类型的蚂蚁群落进行了相似性分析，结果表明：荒漠化草原群落、草原化荒漠群落、典型荒漠群落和荒漠绿洲群落明显靠近，构成荒类集团，荒漠森林草原（贺兰山）群落明显远离于荒漠类群，反而与典型草原（黄土高原区）群落靠近，这与蚁类区划结果是十分吻合的。此外，利用主成分分析对79种蚂蚁划分为10个生态种组。
英文摘要	The ant species in different vegetation sites and main typical mountains such as desert forest Helan Mountains, humid forest Liupan Mountains and high-cold shrub Qilian Mountains in Gansu, Qinghai Provinces, Ningxia Hui and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions were collected from 1997 to 2000. The total investigated area was more than 900 000 km2 and total 1 000 species numbers were collected. 79 species belonging to 16 genera and three subfamilies were recorded. 15 genera, typically Formica, Myrmica , Lasius, Pro form ica , Cataglyphis , Messor and Polygergus distribute in Palaearctic Realm; nine genera, typically Solenopsis , Tapinoma , Liotopum , Camponotus mainly distribute in Oriental Realm. At genus level, Inner- Mongolia-Xinjiang region components were 15 genera of which Tetramorium , Proformica and Cataglyphis were typical; North China region components were 15 genera only except Cardiocondyla . Each of Qinghai-Xizang region and Northeast China region components was four genera of which Formica and Lasius are typical. Southwest and South China regions components play no significant role. At species level, components of North China and Inner-Mongolia-Xinjiang regions were dominant and were 51 and 49 species respectively. Components of Middle, Northeast China and Qinghai-Xizang regions were subdominant and were 17, 15, 15 species respectively. The similarities of ant communities in 9 different types of grassland, that is typical grassland (loess plateau area), desert grassland, steppe grassland, typical desert, humid forest (Liupan Mountains), high-cold shrub, desert swamp, desert forest (Helan Mountains) and desert oasis, were analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA). Results showed that desert grassland, steppe desert, typical desert and desert oasis ant communities were significantly close to each other to form an integrated group, while desert forest (Helan Mountains) ant community which was however far away from the above integrated group and other four ant communities were isolated from other each. Under the guidelines from the results above, the ant fauna of investigated area was divided into six ant regions which were loess plateau ant region, desert ant region subdivided into desert grassland ant subregion, steppe desert ant subregion, typical desert ant subregion and desert oasis ant subregion, desert swamp ant region, high- cold shrub ant region, Liupan Mountains ant region and Helan Mountains ant region. In addition, 79 ant species were clustered into 10 ecological species groups by PCA.
中文关键词	中国西北 ; 蚂蚁 ; 区系特征与区划 ; 生态种组
英文关键词	ant fauna ecological distribution ant community similarity ecological species group northwest China
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENTOMOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Entomology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:1222165
来源机构	宁夏大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/203134
作者单位	宁夏大学农学院, 银川, 宁夏 750105, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	长有德,贺达汉. 中国西北地区蚂蚁区系特征[J]. 宁夏大学,2002,48(3):322-332.
APA	长有德,&贺达汉.(2002).中国西北地区蚂蚁区系特征.动物学报,48(3),322-332.
MLA	长有德,et al."中国西北地区蚂蚁区系特征".动物学报 48.3(2002):322-332.