Arid
DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.016
Drought effect on biocrust resilience: High-speed winds result in crust burial and crust rupture and flaking
Kidron, Giora J.1; Ying, Wang2; Starinsky, Abraham1; Herzberg, Moshe2
通讯作者Kidron, Giora J.
来源期刊SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
ISSN0048-9697
EISSN1879-1026
出版年2017
卷号579页码:848-859
英文摘要

Once established, biocrusts (known also as biological soil crusts or microbiotic crusts) are thought to be relatively resilient to wind erosion, with crust burial being considered as the main mechanism responsible for crust death. Thus far, to the best of our knowledge, crust flaking and rupture under natural conditions were not reported. We report herein a two-year study during two severe drought years (2010-2012) in a dunefield in the Negev Desert during which in addition to crust burial, crust rupture and flaking also took place. As for crust burial, it took place under sand sheets or coppice dunes (mounds). Subsequent removal of the coppice dunes by wind resulted in crust disintegration and erosion of the formerly buried crust and the formation of patches devoid of crusts termed herein ’erosion cirques’. As for crust flaking and rupture, it is explained by a large change in the properties of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) composing the crust. The EPS adherence and viscoelastic properties were monitored using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCD-M) technology. EPS adherence and viscoelastic properties deduced from the QCM-D experiments suggest that crust coherence and elasticity, mediated by the EPS, were affected by droughts. Although crust flaking affected up to 25% of the interdunal surface, it is suggested that with continuous rain shortage, further crust flaking is likely to take place under continuous drought-driven dry surface conditions. This positive feedback mechanism, during which initially eroded crusts trigger additional crust erosion, may have severe consequences on the structure and function of drought prone ecosystems, and may endanger the stability of dunefields, causing dust storms, triggering dune encroachment and declining air quality. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


英文关键词Crust erosion Negev Desert Resilience Vulnerability Wind power
类型Article
语种英语
国家Israel
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000391897800087
WOS关键词BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS ; POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES EPS ; INDUCED SEDIMENT YIELD ; NEGEV-DESERT ; MICROBIOTIC CRUSTS ; WESTERN NEGEV ; DUNE SLOPES ; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES ; FRICTION VELOCITY ; DUST EMISSIONS
WOS类目Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology
来源机构Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/202199
作者单位1.Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, Givat Ram Campus, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel;
2.Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Dept Desalinat & Water Treatment, Sede Boqer Campus, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel
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GB/T 7714
Kidron, Giora J.,Ying, Wang,Starinsky, Abraham,et al. Drought effect on biocrust resilience: High-speed winds result in crust burial and crust rupture and flaking[J]. Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Hebrew University of Jerusalem,2017,579:848-859.
APA Kidron, Giora J.,Ying, Wang,Starinsky, Abraham,&Herzberg, Moshe.(2017).Drought effect on biocrust resilience: High-speed winds result in crust burial and crust rupture and flaking.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,579,848-859.
MLA Kidron, Giora J.,et al."Drought effect on biocrust resilience: High-speed winds result in crust burial and crust rupture and flaking".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 579(2017):848-859.
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