Arid
DOI10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.09.005
Emplacement dynamics and timescale of a Holocene flow from the Cima Volcanic Field (CA): Insights from rheology and morphology
Soldati, Arianna; Beem, Jordon; Gomez, Francisco; Huntley, John Warren; Robertson, Timothy; Whittington, Alan
通讯作者Soldati, Arianna
来源期刊JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
ISSN0377-0273
EISSN1872-6097
出版年2017
卷号347页码:91-111
英文摘要

We present a rheological and morphological study of a Holocene lava flow emitted by a monogenetic cinder cone in the Cima Volcanic Field, eastern California. Our field observations focused on surface morphology, which transitions from smooth core extrusions near the vent to jagged ’a’(a) over bar blocks over the majority of the flow, and on channel and levee dimensions. We collected airborne photogrammetry data and used it to generate a digital elevation model. From this, the total flow volume was estimated and surface roughness was quantified in terms of standard deviation of the real surface (5 cm resolution) from the software-generated 1 m-average plane. Sample textural analyses revealed that the near-vent portion of the flow is significantly more crystalline (phi(xtal) = 0.95 +/- 0.04) than the main flow body (phi(xtal) = 0.66 +/- 0.11). The rheology of Cima lavas was determined experimentally by concentric cylinder viscometry between 1550 degrees C and 1160 degrees C, including the first subliquidus rheology measurements for a continental intraplate trachybasaltic lava. The experimentally determined effective viscosity increases from 54 Pa.s to 1361 Pa.s during cooling from the liquidus (similar to 1230 degrees C) to 1160 degrees C, where crystal fraction is 0.11. The lava viscosity over this range is still lower than most basaltic melts, due to the high alkali content of Cima lavas (similar to 6 wt% Na2O + K2O). Monte Carlo simulations were used to account for and propagate experimental uncertainties, and to determine which rheological model (Bingham, power law, or Herschel-Bulkley) provides the best-fit of the obtained rheological data. Results suggest that Bingham and Herschel-Bulkley models are statistically indistinguishable from each other, and that both fit the data better than a power law model. By combining field observations and experimental results, we reconstructed the eruption temperature and few days-long emplacement history of the Cima flow. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


英文关键词Viscosity Rheology Morphology Lava flow Trachybasalt Cima Volcanic Field
类型Article
语种英语
国家USA
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000418967000006
WOS关键词SUBLIQUIDUS MAGMAS ; MOJAVE DESERT ; VISCOSITY MEASUREMENTS ; EFFUSION RATES ; SILICATE MELTS ; LAVA FLOWS ; AA-LAVAS ; PAHOEHOE ; TRANSITION ; SUSPENSIONS
WOS类目Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Geology
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/200887
作者单位Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Soldati, Arianna,Beem, Jordon,Gomez, Francisco,et al. Emplacement dynamics and timescale of a Holocene flow from the Cima Volcanic Field (CA): Insights from rheology and morphology[J],2017,347:91-111.
APA Soldati, Arianna,Beem, Jordon,Gomez, Francisco,Huntley, John Warren,Robertson, Timothy,&Whittington, Alan.(2017).Emplacement dynamics and timescale of a Holocene flow from the Cima Volcanic Field (CA): Insights from rheology and morphology.JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH,347,91-111.
MLA Soldati, Arianna,et al."Emplacement dynamics and timescale of a Holocene flow from the Cima Volcanic Field (CA): Insights from rheology and morphology".JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH 347(2017):91-111.
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