Arid
DOI10.1130/GES01378.1
Controls on erosion in the western Tarim Basin: Implications for the uplift of northwest Tibet and the Pamir
Clift, Peter D.1,2; Zheng, Hongbo3; Carter, Andrew4; Boening, Philipp5; Jonell, Tara N.1; Schorr, Hannah1; Shan, Xin6; Pahnke, Katharina5; Wei, Xiaochun7; Rittenour, Tammy8
通讯作者Clift, Peter D.
来源期刊GEOSPHERE
ISSN1553-040X
出版年2017
卷号13期号:5页码:1747-1765
英文摘要

We present here bulk sediment major element chemistry, Nd and Sr isotope ratios, and detrital apatite fission-track (AFT) and U-Pb zircon ages to characterize the provenance of the southwestern Taklimakan Desert (northwest China) and the three major rivers draining this region. We establish the spatial and temporal controls on erosion and sediment transport in the modern Tibetan rain shadow. The Hotan River drains the North Kunlun block and is characterized by zircon populations at 160-230 Ma and 370-520 Ma. The -Yarkand River shares these grains with the Hotan, but also has a very prominent zircon population at 40-160 Ma, which is common in Karakoram basement, indicating heavy sediment flux from these ranges to that drainage. This implies a strong control on erosion by topographic steepness and precipitation mediated through glaciation. Our zircon data confirm earlier studies that indicated that the Taklimakan sand is derived from both the Kunlun and Pamir Mountains. AFT ages are younger in the Hotan River than in the Kashgar River, which drains the Pamir, and in both are younger than in the Transhimalaya and parts of the western edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Exhumation is estimated at similar to 1000 m/m. y. in the North Kunlun and similar to 500 m/m. y. in the eastern Pamir, which have been exhuming more slowly than the western ranges in the recent past.


Holocene aggradation terracing was dated using quartz optically stimulated luminescence methods and is mostly associated with times of fluctuating climate after 4 ka, with phases of valley filling dated at 2.6, 1.4, and 0.4 ka. The heights and volumes of the terraces show that sediment storage in the mountains is not a significant buffer to sediment transport, in contrast to the more monsoonal Indus system directly to the south. South of the Mazatag Ridge a significant eolian deposit accumulated similar to 500 yr ago, but this has been deflated in more recent times.


Comparison of the modern river data with those previously measured from Cenozoic foreland sedimentary rocks shows that no sediment similar to that of the modern Yarkand River is seen in the geologic record, which is inferred to be younger than 11 Ma, and probably much less. Uplift of the North Kunlun had started by ca. 17 Ma, somewhat after that of the Pamir and Songpan Garze of northwestern Tibet, dated to before 24 Ma. Sediment from the Kunlun reached the foreland basin between 14 and 11 Ma. North Kunlun exhuma-tion accelerated before 3.7 Ma, likely linked to faster rock uplift.


类型Article
语种英语
国家USA ; Peoples R China ; England ; Germany
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000418430700019
WOS关键词KARAKORAM FAULT ; ASIAN MONSOON ; TECTONIC EVOLUTION ; EXHUMATION RATES ; GRAIN-SIZE ; ND ; LUMINESCENCE ; PROVENANCE ; PLATEAU ; CLIMATE
WOS类目Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向Geology
来源机构南京大学 ; University of London
资源类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/199327
作者单位1.Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA;
2.Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;
3.Yunnan Univ, Res Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, Peoples R China;
4.Birkbeck Coll, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, London WC1E 7HX, England;
5.Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm ICBM, Max Planck Res Grp Marine Isotope Geochem, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany;
6.State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Key Lab Marine Sedimentol & Environm Geol, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, Peoples R China;
7.Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;
8.Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, Logan, UT 84322 USA
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Clift, Peter D.,Zheng, Hongbo,Carter, Andrew,et al. Controls on erosion in the western Tarim Basin: Implications for the uplift of northwest Tibet and the Pamir[J]. 南京大学, University of London,2017,13(5):1747-1765.
APA Clift, Peter D..,Zheng, Hongbo.,Carter, Andrew.,Boening, Philipp.,Jonell, Tara N..,...&Rittenour, Tammy.(2017).Controls on erosion in the western Tarim Basin: Implications for the uplift of northwest Tibet and the Pamir.GEOSPHERE,13(5),1747-1765.
MLA Clift, Peter D.,et al."Controls on erosion in the western Tarim Basin: Implications for the uplift of northwest Tibet and the Pamir".GEOSPHERE 13.5(2017):1747-1765.
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